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Lidocaine should not be given to patients with hypovolemia, heart block or other conduction disturbances, and should be used with caution in patients with congestive heart failure, bradycardia, or respiratory depression. Lidocaine is metabolized in the liver and must be given with caution to patients with hepatic impairment. Metabolites of Lidocaine may accumulate in patients with renal impairment, may have increased risk of Lidocaine toxicity.
When use in the mouth or throat, local anaesthetics may impair swallowing and increase the risk of aspiration. Patients who have received local anaesthetics for procedures such as laryngoscopy or tracheoscopy should be cautioned not to eat or drink for at least 3 to 4 hours after the anaesthetics.
