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Pharmacology: Pharmacodynamics: Phytomenadione is a synthetic preparation of vitamin K. The presence of vitamin K (i.e. vitamin K or substances with vitamin K activity) is essential for the formation within the body of prothrombin, factor VII, factor IX and factor X. Lack of vitamin K leads to an increased tendency to haemorrhage. When an antidote to an anticoagulant is necessary it is essential to use vitamin K1 itself, as vitamin K analogues are much less effective.
Pharmacokinetics: In blood plasma, 90% of vitamin K1 is bound to lipoproteins. Following an intramuscular dose of 10 mg vitamin K, plasma concentrations of 10-20 mcg/l are produced (normal range 0.4-1.2 mcg/l). Systemic availability following intramuscular administration is about 50% and elimination half-life in plasma is approximately 1.5-3 hours.
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