Anpheclor

Each 5 mL contains: Chloramphenicol (as palmitate) 125 mg.

Pharmacology: Pharmacodynamics: Antimicrobial Action: Chloramphenicol (Anpheclor) is a broad-spectrum antibiotics which acts by interfering with bacterial protein synthesis. It is usually bacteriostatic and is effective against a wide range of Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms including Salmonella typhi, Haemophilus influenzae, Neiserria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumonia, and Bacteriodes fragilis.
Pharmacokinetics: Chloramphenicol (Anpheclor) is readily absorbed when given by mouth. Blood concentrations of about 10 μg per mL may be reached 2 hours after a single dose of 1 g by mouth; dose of 500 mg every 6 hours usually maintains blood concentrations above 4 μg per mL. Chloramphenicol palmitate (Anpheclor) is hydrolysed to Chloramphenicol (Anpheclor) in the gastro-intestinal tract prior to absorption, and the sodium succinate, which is given parenterally, is hydrolysed to free drug in the liver, and kidneys.
Chloramphenicol palmitate (Anpheclor) is widely distributed in body tissues and fluids, even in the absence of meningitis, giving concentrations of about 50% of those existing in the blood; it defuse across the placenta into the fetal circulation, into breast milk, and into the aqueous and vitreous humors of the eye.

Typhoid fever, meningitis, brain abscesses, rickettsial infections & other diseases which do not respond to other standard antimicrobial agent.

Doses are expressed in terms of Chloramphenicol base and are similar whether administered by mouth or intravenously. For adults and children, the usual dose is 50 mg per kg body weight daily in divided doses every 6 hours up to 100 mg per kg body-weight daily may be given in severe infections due to moderately resistant organisms, although these higher doses should be reduced as soon as possible. To minimized the risk of relapse, it has been recommended that treatment should be continued for 4 days after the patients' temperature has returned to normal in rickettsial diseases and for 8 to 10 days in typhoid fever. In cases of severe infection, premature and full term neonates may be given daily doses of 25 mg per kg body weight and full-terms infants over the age of 2 weeks may be given up to 50 mg per kg daily, in 4 divided doses. However, Chloramphenicol (Anpheclor) should only be used when there is no other suitable treatment for the severe infections and when concentrations can be monitored.
In patients with impaired hepatic function or severe renal failure, the dose of Chloramphenicol (Anpheclor) may need to be reduced because of decreased metabolism or excretion of Chloramphenicol (Anpheclor).

History of hypersensitivity or toxic reaction. Minor infection, prophylaxis.

Serious and fatal blood dyscrasias (aplastic anemia, hypoplastic anemia, thrombocytopenia and granulocytopenia) are known to occur after the administration of chloramphenicol.

Chloramphenicol (Ampheclor) is contraindicated in patients with a history of hypersensitivity or toxic reaction to the drug. It should never be given for minor infections or for prophylaxis. Repeated courses and prolonged treatment should be avoided. Routine periodic Blood examinations are advisable in all patients, but will not warm of aplastic anemia.
Because of the risk of the grey syndrome, newborn infants should never be given Chloramphenicol (Anpheclor). Unless it may be life saving and there is no alternative treatment. The use of chloramphenicol (Anpheclor) is probably best avoided during pregnancy and in nursing mothers since chloramphenicol (Anpheclor) given to the mother is excreted in the milk.
Concomitant administration of chloramphenicol with other drugs liable to depress bone marrow function should be avoided.

Chloramphenicol (Anpheclor) may cause serious and sometimes fatal adverse effects such as depression of the bone marrow, aplastic anemia, hemolytic anemia, hypersensitivity reaction may occur especially after topical use. Gastro-intestinal symptoms including nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea can follow oral administration. Disturbances of the oral and intestinal flora may cause stomatitis, glossitis, and rectal irritation.

Store at temperature not exceeding 30°C.

Chloramphenicols

J01BA01 - chloramphenicol ; Belongs to the class of amphenicols. Used in the systemic treatment of infections.

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