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Pharmacology: Pharmacodynamics: Indapamide is a sulfonamide derivative with an indole ring, pharmacologically related to thiazide diuretics, which acts by inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium in the cortical dilution segment. It increases the urinary excretion of sodium and chlorides and, to a lesser extent, the excretion of potassium and magnesium, thereby increasing urine output and having an antihypertensive action.
Pharmacokinetics: Absorption: Indapamide is rapidly and completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Meals slightly increase the rate of absorption, but do not have any influence on the quantity of drug absorbed. Peak plasma concentrations occur approximately 12 hours after a single dose. Repeated dosing limits variations in plasma concentrations between 2 doses. lntraindividual variability exists.
Distribution: Binding of Indapamide to plasma proteins is 79%. The elimination half-life is between 14 to 24 hours (mean 18 hours). The steady state is reached after 7 days. Repeated dosing does not induce accumulation.
Metabolism: Indapamide is extremely metabolized in the liver.
Elimination: About 70% of the dose has been reported to be excreted in the urine and about 22% is excreted in the feces in the form of inactive metabolites.
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