Nosze Mechanism of Action

Pharmacology: Pharmacodynamics: Latanoprost, synthetic isopropyl ester analog of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α), is a selective FP prostanoid receptor agonist. Latanoprost reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) by increasing the outflow of aqueous humor through the uveoscleral routes. Latanoprost is also decrease IOP by increasing aqueous outflow through the trabecular meshwork. Reduction of IOP starts about 3 to 4 hours after instillation and is maximal after 8 to 12 hours. Pressure reduction lasts for at least 24 hours.
Pharmacokinetics: Absorption: Latanoprost is absorbed through the cornea where the isopropyl ester prodrug is hydrolyzed to the acid form to become biologically active. Peak concentration is reached within 2 hours after topical administration.
Distribution: The volume of distribution (Vd) of latanoprost in humans is 0.16 L/kg. The acid of Latanoprost could be measured in aqueous humor during the first 4 hours, and in plasma only during the first hour after local administration.
Metabolism: Latanoprost, an isopropyl ester prodrug, is hydrolyzed by esterases in the cornea to the biologically active acid. The active acid of Latanoprost reaching the systemic circulation is primarily metabolized in the liver to the 1,2-dinor and 1,2,3,4-tetranor metabolites via fatty acid beta oxidation.
Excretion: The elimination of the acid of Latanoprost from human plasma is rapid, the t_½ is 17 minutes after topical administration. Systemic clearance is approximately 7 ml/min/kg. Following hepatic beta oxidation, the metabolites are mainly eliminated via the kidneys. Approximately 88% of the administered dose is recovered in the urine after topical dosing.