Marolac Mechanism of Action

Pharmacology: Pharmacodynamics: Ketorolac is a potent analgesic agent of the non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory class (NSAID). It is not an opioid and has no known effects on opioid receptors. Its mode of action is to inhibit the cyclo-oxygenase enzyme system and hence prostaglandin synthesis and it demonstrates a minimal anti-inflammatory effect at its analgesic dose.
Pharmacokinetics: Intramuscular: Following intramuscular administration, ketorolac was rapidly and completely absorbed. A mean peak plasma concentration of 2.2 mcg/mL occurred an average of 50 minutes after a single 30 mg dose.
Intravenous: Intravenous administration of a single 10 mg dose of ketorolac resulted in a mean peak plasma concentration of 2.4 mcg/mL at an average of 5.4 minutes after dosing. The terminal plasma elimination half-life was 5.1 hours, average volume of distribution 0.15 L/kg, and total plasma clearance 0.35 mL/min/kg.
The pharmacokinetics of ketorolac in man following single or multiple doses are linear. Steady state plasma levels are achieved after dosing every six hours for one day. No changes in clearance occurred with chronic dosing. The primary route of excretion of ketorolac and its metabolites is renal: 91.4% (mean) of a given dose being found in the urine and 6.1% (mean) in the faeces.
More than 99% of the ketorolac in plasma is protein-bound over a wide concentration range.