Foliage B-Plus Mechanism of Action

Pharmacology: Pharmacodynamics: Folic acid, Thiamine mononitrate (Vit. B1), Pyridoxine HCl (Vit. B6) and Cyanocobalamin (Vit. B12) are members of the Vitamin B group. All are essential cofactors for various metabolic processes including the synthesis of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides and hence in the synthesis of DNA. Thiamine is primarily involved in energy production in the body, especially in the brain. Vitamin B6 is particularly important in the formation of body proteins and structural compounds. Vitamin B12 is involved in many body process and works very closely with. Folic acid and Vitamin B12 help cells to multiply and are important cofactors for the remethylation of homocysteine to methionine, hence in lowering plasma homocysteine levels.
Pharmacokinetics: Folic Acid, also known as folate, is essential in cell division and DNA synthesis. Folic acid is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, mainly from the duodenum and jejunum. Dietary folates are stated to be less well absorbed from crystalline folic acid. The naturally occurring folates polyglutamates are largely deconjugated and reduced by dihydrofolate reductase in the intestines to form 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, which appears in the portal circulation where it is extensively bound to plasma proteins. Folic acid administered therapeutically enters the portal circulation largely unchanged, since it is a poor substrate for reduction by dihydrofolate reductase. It is converted to the metabolically active form 5-methyltetrahydrofolate in the plasma and liver.
The principal storage site of folate is the liver. It is also actively concentrated in the CSF.
Folate undergoes enterohepatic circulation. Folate metabolites are eliminated in the urine. Folate is distributed into breast milk. Folic acid is removed by hemodialysis.
Small amount of thiamine are well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after oral doses, but the absorption of doses larger than about 5 mg is limited. It is widely distributed to most body tissues, and appears in breast milk. Thiamine is not stored to any appreciable extent in the body and amounts in excess of the body's requirements are excreted in the urine unchanged or in metabolites.
Pyridoxine is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after oral doses and is converted to the active forms pyridoxal phosphate and pyridoxamine phosphate. They are stored mainly in the liver where there is oxidation to 4-pyridoxic acid and other inactive metabolites, which are excreted in the urine.
Vitamin B12 substances bind to intrinsic factor, a glycoprotein secreted by the gastric mucosa, and are then actively absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Absorption is impaired in patients with an absence of intrinsic factor, with a malabsorption syndrome or with disease or abnormality of the gut, or after gastrectomy.
Vitamin B12 is stored in the liver, excreted in the bile, and undergoes extensive enterohepatic recycling; part of a dose is excreted in the urine, most of it in the first 8 hours; urinary excretion, however, accounts for only a small fraction in the reduction of total body stores acquired by dietary means. Vitamin B12 diffuses across placenta and also appears in breast milk.