Qlaira

Estradiol valerate, dienogest.

The active substances are estradiol valerate, or estradiol valerate combined with dienogest.
Each wallet (28 film-coated tablets) of Qlaira contains 26 active tablets in 4 different colours in rows 1, 2, 3 and 4, as well as 2 white inactive tablets in row 4.
Composition of the coloured tablets containing one or two active substances: 2 dark yellow tablets each containing 3 mg estradiol valerate.
5 medium red tablets each containing 2 mg estradiol valerate and 2 mg dienogest.
17 light yellow tablets each containing 2 mg estradiol valerate and 3 mg dienogest.
2 dark red tablets each containing 1 mg estradiol valerate.
Composition of the white inactive tablets: These tablets do not contain any active substances.
Excipients/Inactive Ingredients: Other ingredients in the coloured active tablets are: Tablet core: lactose monohydrate, maize starch, pregelatinised maize starch, povidone K25 (E1201), magnesium stearate (E572).
Tablet film-coating: hypromellose type 2910 (E464), macrogol 6000, talc (E553b), titanium dioxide (E171), iron oxide yellow (E172) and/or iron oxide red (E172).
Other ingredients in the white inactive tablets are: Tablet core: lactose monohydrate, maize starch, povidone K25 (E1201), magnesium stearate (E572).
Tablet film-coating: hypromellose type 2910 (E464), talc (E553b), titanium dioxide (E171).

Qlaira is a contraceptive pill and is used to prevent pregnancy.
Qlaira is used for the treatment of heavy menstrual bleeding (not caused by any disease of the womb) in women who wish to use oral contraception.

Each wallet contains 26 coloured active tablets and 2 white inactive tablets.
One tablet of Qlaira should be taken every day, if necessary with a small amount of water. The tablets may be taken with or without food, but it should be taken at around the same time every day.
Preparation of the wallet: To keep track, there are 7 weekday sticker strips marked with the 7 days of the week.
Choose the weekday sticker strip that starts with the day the tablet is taken. For example, if the patient starts on a Wednesday, use the weekday sticker strip that starts with "WED".
Stick the weekday sticker strip along the top of the Qlaira wallet where it reads "Place weekday sticker strip here", so that the first day is above the tablet marked "1".
There is now a day shown above every tablet and can see whether a pill has taken on a particular day. Follow the direction of the arrow on the wallet until all 28 tablets have been taken.
Usually, so-called withdrawal bleeding starts when taking the second dark red tablet or the white tablets and may not have finished before starting the next wallet. Some women still experience bleeding after taking the first tablets of the new wallet.
Start the following wallet without a gap, in other words the day after the patient finished her current wallet, even if the bleeding has not stopped. This means that she should start the following wallet on the same day of the week as the current wallet and that the withdrawal bleed should occur on the same weekdays each month.
If Qlaira is used in this manner, the patient is protected against pregnancy even during the 2 days when she takes inactive tablets.
When to start with the first wallet: If the patient has not used a contraceptive with hormones during the previous month: Start taking Qlaira on the first day of the cycle (that is, the first day of period).
Changing from another combined hormonal contraceptive pill, or combined contraceptive vaginal ring or patch: Start Qlaira the day after taking the last active tablet (the last tablet containing the active substances) of the previous pill. When changing from a combined contraceptive vaginal ring or patch, start using Qlaira on the day of removal or, follow the advice of the doctor.
Changing from a progestogen-only-method (progestogen-only pill, injection, implant or a progestogen-releasing 'IUS', intrauterine system): The patient may switch from the progestogen-only pill any day (from an implant or the IUS on the day of its removal, from an injectable when the next injection would be due) but in all of these cases the patient must use extra protective measures (for example, a condom) during the first 9 days of Qlaira use.
After a miscarriage: Follow the advice of the doctor.
After having a baby: The patient can start Qlaira between 21 and 28 days after having a baby. If the patient starts later than day 28, use a barrier method (e.g. a condom) during the first 9 days of Qlaira use.
If, after having a baby, the patient had sex before starting Qlaira, be sure that the patient is not pregnant or wait until the next menstrual period.
If the patient wants to start Qlaira after having a baby and are breast-feeding, read the section on Use in Pregnancy & Lactation.
The doctor must be asked what to do if the patient is not sure when to start.
If the patient forgets to take Qlaira: Inactive tablets: If a white tablet was missed (2 tablets at the end of the wallet), there is no need to take it later because they do not contain any active substances. However, it is important that the patient discard the missed white tablet(s) and make sure that the number of days when taking the tablets is not increased as this would increase the risk of pregnancy. Continue with the next tablet at the usual time.
Active tablets: Depending on the day of the cycle on which one active tablet has been missed, the patient may need to take additional contraceptive precautions, for example a barrier method such as a condom.
Take the tablets according to the following principles. See also the 'missed pill chart' for details.
If less than 12 hours late when taking a tablet, the protection against pregnancy is not reduced. Take the tablet as soon as it is remembered and then continue taking the tablets again at the usual time.
If more than 12 hours late when taking a tablet, the protection against pregnancy may be reduced. Depending on the day of the cycle on which one tablet has been missed, use additional contraceptive precautions e.g. a barrier method such as a condom. See also the 'missed pill chart' for details.
More than one tablet forgotten in this wallet, contact the doctor.
Do not take more than 2 active tablets on a given day.
If the patient forgot to start a new wallet, or if one or more tablets have been missed during days 3 - 9 of the wallet, there is a risk that the patient is already pregnant (if the patient had sex in the 7 days before forgetting the tablet). In that case, contact the doctor. The more tablets the patient has forgotten (especially those on days 3-24) and the closer they are to the inactive tablet phase, the greater the risk that the protection from pregnancy is reduced. See also the 'missed pill chart' for details.
If any of the active tablets have been forgotten in a wallet, and the patient has no bleeding at the end of a wallet, the patient may be pregnant. Contact the doctor before starting the next wallet. (See figure.)

Click on icon to see table/diagram/image

Use in children: No data available in adolescents below 18 years.
If the patient stops taking Qlaira: The patient can stop taking Qlaira at any time. If the patient does not want to become pregnant, ask the doctor for advice about other reliable methods of birth control. If the patient wants to become pregnant, stop taking Qlaira and wait for a menstrual period before starting to try to become pregnant. The patient will be able to calculate the expected delivery date more easily.
For further questions on the use of this product, ask the doctor or pharmacist.

There are no reports of serious harmful effects of taking too many Qlaira tablets.
If several active tablets are taken at once, the patient may feel sick or throw up. Young girls may have bleeding from the vagina.
If the patient has taken too many Qlaira tablets, or discover that a child has taken some, ask the doctor or pharmacist for advice.

Qlaira should not be used if the patient has any of the following conditions. If any of the listed conditions are present, the doctor must be advised. The doctor will discuss other form of birth control that would be more appropriate.
Qlaira should not be taken: if the patient has (or has ever had) a blood clot in a blood vessel of the legs (deep vein thrombosis, DVT), the lungs (pulmonary embolus, PE) or other organs; has a disorder affecting the blood clotting - for instance, protein C deficiency, protein S deficiency, antithrombin-III deficiency, Factor V Leiden or antiphospholipid antibodies; if an operation is needed or if the patient is off her feet for a long time (see Blood clots under Precautions); has ever had a heart attack or a stroke; has (or has ever had) angina pectoris (a condition that causes severe chest pain and may be a first sign of a heart attack) or transient ischaemic attack (TIA - temporary stroke symptoms); has any of the following diseases that may increase the risk of a clot in the arteries: severe diabetes with blood vessel damage, very high blood pressure, a very high level of fat in the blood (cholesterol or triglycerides), a condition known as hyperhomocysteinaemia; has (or has ever had) a type of migraine called 'migraine with aura'; has (or has ever had) liver disease and the liver function is still not normal; has (or has ever had) a tumour of the liver; has (or has ever had) cancer or suspected cancer of the breast or genital organs; has any unexplained bleeding from the vagina; allergic (hypersensitive) to estradiol valerate or dienogest, or any of the other ingredients of this medicine (listed in Description). This may cause itching, rash or swelling.

Qlaira, like other hormonal contraceptives, does not protect against HIV infection (AIDS) or any other sexually transmitted disease.
Seek urgent medical attention: If possible signs of a blood clot are noticed, that may mean the patient is suffering from a blood clot in the leg (i.e. deep vein thrombosis), a blood clot in the lung (i.e. pulmonary embolism), a heart attack or a stroke (see Blood clots as follows).
For a description of the symptoms of these serious side effects, see "How to recognise a blood clot".
In some situations the patient needs to take special care while taking Qlaira or any other combined pill, and the doctor may need to examine the patient regularly.
Consult the doctor if any of the following conditions apply to the patient or if any of these conditions develop or worsen while taking Qlaira: a close relative has or has ever had breast cancer; disease of the liver or gall bladder; jaundice; diabetes; depression; Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis (chronic inflammatory bowel disease); systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE - a disease affecting the natural defence system); haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS - a disorder of blood clotting causing failure of the kidneys); sickle cell disease (an inherited disease of the red blood cells); elevated levels of fat in the blood (hypertriglyceridaemia) or a positive family history for this condition. Hypertriglyceridaemia has been associated with an increased risk of developing pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas); if an operation is needed, or the patient is off her feet for a long time (see 'Blood clots'); has just given birth, the patient is at an increased risk of blood clots. Should ask the doctor how soon after delivery can the patient start taking Qlaira; inflammation in the veins under the skin (superficial thrombophlebitis); varicose veins; epilepsy (see Interactions); has a disease that first appeared during pregnancy or earlier use of sex hormones (e.g. hearing loss, porphyria [a disease of the blood], gestational herpes [skin rash with blisters during pregnancy], Sydenham's chorea [a nerve disease causing sudden movements of the body]); has (or has ever had) golden brown pigment patches so-called "pregnancy patches" especially on the face (Chloasma). If this is the case, avoid direct exposure to sunlight or ultraviolet light; hereditary angioedema. Consult the doctor immediately if experiencing symptoms of angioedema such as swollen face, tongue and/or throat and/or difficulty swallowing or hives, together with difficulty breathing. Products containing oestrogens may induce or worsen symptoms of angioedema; cardiac or renal insufficiency.
Consult the doctor before taking Qlaira.
Blood clots: Using a combined hormonal contraceptive such as Qlaira increases the risk of developing a blood clot compared with not using one. In rare cases, a blood clot can block blood vessels and cause serious problems.
Blood clots can develop in veins (referred to as a 'venous thrombosis', 'venous thromboembolism' or VTE); in the arteries (referred to as an 'arterial thrombosis', 'arterial thromboembolism' or ATE).
Recovery from blood clots is not always complete. Rarely, there may be serious lasting effects or, very rarely, they may be fatal.
It is important to remember that the overall risk of a harmful blood clot due to Qlaira is small.
How to recognise a blood clot: Seek urgent medical attention if any of the following signs or symptoms are noticed. (See Table 1.)

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Blood clots in a vein: The use of combined hormonal contraceptives has been connected with an increase in the risk of blood clots in the vein (venous thrombosis). However, these side effects are rare. Most frequently, they occur in the first year of use of a combined hormonal contraceptive.
If a blood clot forms in a vein in the leg or foot it can cause a deep vein thrombosis (DVT).
If a blood clot travels from the leg and lodges in the lung it can cause a pulmonary embolism.
Very rarely a clot may form in a vein in another organ such as the eye (retinal vein thrombosis).
Highest risk of developing a blood clot in a vein: The risk of developing a blood clot in a vein is highest during the first year of taking a combined hormonal contraceptive for the first time. The risk may also be higher if the patient restarts taking a combined hormonal contraceptive (the same product or a different product) after a break of 4 weeks or more.
After the first year, the risk gets smaller but is always slightly higher than if not using a combined hormonal contraceptive.
When stopping Qlaira, the risk of a blood clot returns to normal within a few weeks.
Risk of developing a blood clot: The risk depends on the natural risk of VTE and the type of combined hormonal contraceptive the patient is taking.
The overall risk of a blood clot in the leg or lung (DVT or PE) with Qlaira is small.
Out of 10,000 women who are not using any combined hormonal contraceptive and are not pregnant, about 2 will develop a blood clot in a year.
Out of 10,000 women who are using a combined hormonal contraceptive that contains levonorgestrel, norethisterone, or norgestimate, about 5-7 will develop a blood clot in a year.
The risk of a blood clot with Qlaira is about the same as with other combined hormonal contraceptives including contraceptives containing levonorgestrel.
The risk of having a blood clot will vary according to personal medical history (see "Factors that increase the risk of a blood clot" as follows). (See Table 2.)

Click on icon to see table/diagram/image

Factors that increase the risk of a blood clot in a vein: The risk of a blood clot with Qlaira is small but some conditions will increase the risk. The risk is higher: if very overweight (body mass index or BMI over 30 kg/m²); if one of the immediate family has had a blood clot in the leg, lung or other organ at a young age (e.g. below the age of about 50). In this case the patient could have a hereditary blood clotting disorder; if there is a need to have an operation, or if she is off the feet for a long time because of an injury or illness, or have the leg in a cast. The use of Qlaira may need to be stopped several weeks before surgery or while less mobile. If there is a need to stop Qlaira, ask the doctor when to start using it again; as getting older (particularly above about 35 years); if the patient gave birth less than a few weeks ago.
The risk of developing a blood clot increases the more conditions the patient has.
Air travel (>4 hours) may temporarily increase the risk of a blood clot, particularly if having some of the other factors listed.
It is important to tell the doctor if any of these conditions apply to the patient, even if unsure. The doctor may decide that Qlaira needs to be stopped.
If any of the previous conditions change while using Qlaira, for example a close family member experiences a thrombosis for no known reason; or gain a lot of weight, tell the doctor.
Blood clots in an artery: Like a blood clot in a vein, a clot in an artery can cause serious problems. For example, it can cause a heart attack or a stroke.
Factors that increase the risk of a blood clot in an artery: It is important to note that the risk of a heart attack or stroke from using Qlaira is very small but can increase: with increasing age (beyond about 35 years); if the patient smokes [When using a combined hormonal contraceptive like Qlaira, it is advised to stop smoking. If unable to stop smoking and are older than 35, the doctor may advise to use a different type of contraceptive]; if overweight; have high blood pressure; if a member of the immediate family has had a heart attack or stroke at a young age (less than about 50) [In this case, the patient could also have a higher risk of having a heart attack or stroke]; if the patient, or someone in the immediate family, have a high level of fat in the blood (cholesterol or triglycerides); if getting migraines, especially migraines with aura; if having a problem with the heart (valve disorder, disturbance of the rhythm called atrial fibrillation); if the patient has diabetes.
If the patient has more than one of these conditions or if any of them are particularly severe, the risk of developing a blood clot may be increased even more.
If any of the previous conditions change while using Qlaira, for example, start smoking, a close family member experiences a thrombosis for no known reason; or gain a lot of weight, tell the doctor.
Qlaira and cancer: Breast cancer has been observed slightly more often in women using combined pills, but it is not known whether this is caused by the treatment itself. For example, it may be that more tumours are detected in women on combined pills because they are examined by their doctor more often. The risk of breast tumours becomes gradually less after stopping the combination hormonal contraceptives. It is important to regularly check the breasts and should contact the doctor if any lump is felt.
In rare cases, benign liver tumours, and in even fewer cases malignant liver tumours have been reported in contraceptive pill users. In isolated cases, these tumours have led to life-threatening internal bleeding. Contact the doctor if having unusually severe abdominal pain.
Some studies suggest that long-term use of the pill increases a woman's risk of developing cervical cancer. However, it is not clear to what extent sexual behaviour or other factors such as Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) increases this risk.
Psychiatric disorders: Some women using hormonal contraceptives including Qlaira have reported depression or depressed mood. Depression can be serious and may sometimes lead to suicidal thoughts. If mood changes and depressive symptoms are experienced contact the doctor for further medical advice as soon as possible.
Bleeding between periods: During the first few months of taking Qlaira, the patient may have unexpected bleeding. Usually bleeding starts on day 26, the day the second dark red tablet was taken, or the following day(s). The information provided by women in the diaries they kept during a clinical study of Qlaira shows that it is not unusual to experience unexpected bleeding in a given cycle (10-18 % of users). If unexpected bleeding occurs more than 3 months in a row, or if it begins after some months, the doctor will have to investigate the cause.
What to do if no bleeding occurs on day 26 or the following day(s): The information provided by women in the diaries they kept during a clinical study of Qlaira shows that it is not unusual to miss the regular bleeding after day 26 (observed in about 15 % of cycles).
If all the tablets are taken correctly, have not had any vomiting or severe diarrhoea and have not taken any other medicines, it is highly unlikely that the patient is pregnant.
If the expected bleeding does not happen twice in a row or have taken the tablets incorrectly, the patient may be pregnant. Contact the doctor immediately. Do not start the next wallet until sure that the patient is not pregnant.
What to do if the patient vomits or has severe diarrhoea: If the patient throws up within 3-4 hours of taking an active tablet or have severe diarrhoea, there is a risk that the active substances in the pill are not fully absorbed by the body.
The situation is almost the same as forgetting a tablet. After throwing up or having diarrhoea, take the next tablet as soon as possible. If possible, take it within 12 hours of when the pill was taken normally. If this is not possible or 12 hours have passed, follow the advice given under Dosage & Administration. If the patient does not want to change the normal tablet-taking pattern, take the corresponding tablet from another wallet.
Laboratory tests: If a blood test or other laboratory tests are needed, the doctor or the laboratory staff must know that the patient is taking the pill because oral contraceptives can affect the results of some tests.
Qlaira contains lactose: If the patient has intolerance to some sugars, the doctor must be contacted before taking Qlaira.
Driving and using machines: There is nothing to suggest that the use of Qlaira affects driving or use of machines.
Use in children: Qlaira is not intended for use in females whose periods have not yet started.

Qlaira should not be taken if pregnant. If the patient becomes pregnant while taking Qlaira, stop taking it immediately and contact the doctor. If the patient wants to become pregnant, she can stop taking Qlaira at any time (see also Dosage & Administration).
In general, Qlaira should not be taken while breast-feeding. If the patient wants to take the Pill while breast-feeding, the doctor should be contacted.
Ask the doctor or pharmacist for advice before taking any medicine when pregnant or breast-feeding.

Like all medicines, Qlaira can cause side effects, although not everybody gets them. If the patient gets any side effect, particularly if severe and persistent, or have any change to health that may be due to Qlaira, advise the doctor.
An increased risk of blood clots in the veins [venous thromboembolism (VTE)] or blood clots in the arteries [arterial thromboembolism (ATE)] is present for all women taking combined hormonal contraceptives. For more detailed information on the different risks from taking combined hormonal contraceptives, see Contraindications and Precautions.
Serious side effects: Serious reactions associated with the use of the pill, as well as the related symptoms, are described in the following sections: "Blood clots" and "Qlaira and cancer" under Precautions. Read these sections carefully and consult the doctor at once where appropriate.
Other possible side effects: The following side effects have been linked with the use of Qlaira: Common side effects (between 1 and 10 in every 100 users may be affected): headache; abdominal pain, nausea; acne; no periods, breast discomfort, painful periods, irregular bleeding (heavy irregular bleeding); weight gain.
Uncommon side effects (between 1 and 10 in every 1,000 users may be affected): fungal infections, fungal infection of the vulva and vagina, vaginal infection; increased appetite; depression, depressed mood, emotional disorder, problems sleeping, decreased interest in sex, mental disorder, mood swings; dizziness, migraine; hot flush, high blood pressure; diarrhoea, vomiting; increased liver enzymes; hair loss, excessive sweating (hyperhidrosis), itching, rash; muscle cramps; swollen breasts, lumps in the breast, abnormal cell growth on the neck of the womb (cervical dysplasia), dysfunctional genital bleeding, pain with intercourse, fibrocystic breast disease, heavy periods, menstrual disorders, ovarian cyst, pelvic pain, premenstrual syndrome, growth in the uterus, contractions of the uterus, uterine/vaginal bleeding including spotting, vaginal discharge, vulvovaginal dryness; fatigue, irritability, swelling of parts of the body, e.g. ankles (oedema); weight loss, blood pressure changes.
Rare side effects (between 1 and 10 in every 10,000 users may be affected): candida infection, oral herpes, pelvic inflammatory disease, a vessel disease of the eye resembling a fungal infection (presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome), a fungal infection of the skin (tinea versicolor), urinary tract infection, bacterial inflammation of the vagina; fluid retention, increase in certain blood fats (triglycerides); aggression, anxiety, feelings of unhappiness, increased interest in sex, nervousness, night mare, restlessness, problems sleeping, stress; reduced attention, "pins and needles", giddiness; contact lens intolerance, dry eye, eye swelling; heart attack (myocardial infarction), palpitations; bleeding in a varicose vein, low blood pressure, inflammation of superficial veins, painful veins; harmful blood clots in a vein or artery [for example, in a leg or foot (i.e. DVT), in a lung (i.e. PE), heart attack, stroke, mini-stroke or temporary stroke-like symptoms, known as a transient ischaemic attack (TIA), blood clots in the liver, stomach/intestine, kidneys or eye. The chance of having a blood clot may be higher if there are any other conditions that increase this risk (See Precautions for more information on the conditions that increase risk for blood clots and the symptoms of a blood clot)]; constipation, dry mouth, indigestion, heartburn; liver nodules (focal nodular hyperplasia), chronic inflammation of gallbladder; allergic skin reactions, golden brown pigment patches (chloasma) and other pigmentation disorders, male pattern hair growth, excessive hair growth, skin conditions such as dermatitis and neurodermatitis, dandruff and oily skin (seborrhoea) and other skin disorders; back pain, pain in jaw, sensation of heaviness; urinary tract pain; abnormal withdrawal bleeding, benign breast nodules, breast cancer in early stage, breast cysts, breast discharge, polyp on the neck of the womb, reddening on the neck of the womb, bleeding during intercourse, spontaneous milk flow, genital discharge, lighter periods, delayed periods, rupture of an ovarian cyst, vaginal odour, burning sensation in the vulva and vagina, vulvovaginal discomfort; swollen lymph nodes; asthma, difficulty in breathing, nose bleeding; chest pain, tiredness and feeling generally unwell, fever; abnormal smear from the neck of the womb.
Further information (taken from the diaries women kept during a Qlaira clinical trial) on the possible side effects "irregular bleeding (heavy irregular bleeding)" and "no periods" is given in the "Bleeding between periods" and "What to do if no bleeding occurs on day 26 or the following day(s)" under Precautions.
Description of selected adverse reactions: Adverse reactions with very low frequency or with delayed onset of symptoms which are considered to be related to the group of combined oral contraceptives, and could also occur during use of Qlaira, are listed as follows (see also Contraindications and Precautions: liver tumors (benign and malignant); Erythema nodosum (tender red nodules under the skin), Erythema multiforme (skin rash with red spots or lesions); hypersensitivity (including symptoms such as rash, urticaria); in women with hereditary angioedema (characterized by sudden swelling of e.g. the eyes, mouth, throat etc.) estrogens in combined oral contraceptive pills may induce or worsen symptoms of angioedema.
In case of disturbed liver function, it may be necessary to temporarily stop the use of combined oral contraceptive pills.
Reporting of side effects: If the patient gets any side effects, talk to the doctor or pharmacist. This includes any possible side effects not listed. By reporting side effects, it can help provide more information on the safety of this medicine.

The doctor must be advised which medicines or herbal products the patient is already using. Also advise any other doctor or dentist who prescribes another medicine (or the pharmacist from whom the medicine was acquired) that Qlaira is being taken. They can advise if additional contraceptive precautions are needed (for example condoms) and if so, for how long.
Some medicines can have an influence on the blood levels of Qlaira, can make it less effective in preventing pregnancy, or can cause unexpected bleeding.
These include: medicines used for the treatment of: epilepsy (e.g. primidone, phenytoin, barbiturates, carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, topiramate, felbamate); tuberculosis (e.g. rifampicin); HIV and Hepatitis C Virus infections (so-called protease inhibitors and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors such as ritonavir, nevirapine, efavirenz); fungal infections (e.g. griseofulvin, ketoconazole). The herbal remedy St. John's wort.
Qlaira may influence the effect of other medicines, e.g. medicines containing cyclosporine; the anti-epileptic lamotrigine (this could lead to an increased frequency of seizures).
Ask the doctor or pharmacist for advice before taking any medicine. The doctor or pharmacist may advise on extra protective measures while taking other medication together with Qlaira.
Qlaira with food and drink: Qlaira may be taken with or without food, if necessary with a small amount of water.

Do not throw away any medicines via wastewater or household waste. Ask the pharmacist how to throw away medicines no longer used. These measures will help to protect the environment.

Oestrogens, Progesterones & Related Synthetic Drugs / Oral Contraceptives

G03CA53 - estradiol, combinations ; Belongs to the class of natural and semisynthetic estrogens used in estrogenic hormone preparations.

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