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A cytostatic drug from the group of alkylating agents.
Pharmacology: The cytotoxic activity (alkylation of nucleophilic centres in the cell) is linked with the activated oxazaphosphorine ring hydroxylated at the C4-atom and manifests itself in a block in late S- and early G2-phases.
Pharmacokinetics: Holoxan is inactive in vitro but highly active in vivo. Activation mostly takes place in the liver through microsomal mixed-function oxidases. The elimination of the metabolized ifosfamide mostly takes place via the urine. The serum half-life for dosages of 1-2 g/m2 and 3 x 1.6-2.4 g/m2 is given as lying in the range of 4-7 hrs.
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