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Pharmacology: Pharmacodynamics: Clotrimazole is a broad-spectrum imidazole anti-fungal against dermatophytes, including Epidermophytes, Microsporum, Trichophyton spp and Malassezia furfur and Candida species.
It permeates the chitin of the fungal cell wall and increases the membrane permeabililty to various intracellular substances. Most strains of dermatophytes and Candida species are inhibited by concentrations of less than 2 mcg/ml.
Pharmacokinetics: Clotrimazole is effective against a variety of fungi including Epidermophytes, yeast, Microsporum, Trichophyton spp., and Malassezia furfur. When applied topically, clotrimazole penetrates the epidermis. Actinomycetes, gram-positive bacteria, certain anaerobes (such as Bacteroides fragilis) and Trichomonas vaginalis are also inhibited. Absorption of clotrimazole is less than 0.5% after application to the intact skin. The small amount absorbed is metabolized in the liver to inactive compounds and excreted in the bile and urine.
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