Hypersensitivity to sodium valproate or to any ingredient in the product; Pre-existing or acute hepatic insufficiency or family history of severe hepatitis, particularly medicine-related; Mitochondrial disorders caused by mutations in mitochondrial DNA polymerase γ (POLG; e.g., Alpers-Huttenlocher Syndrome) and children less than 2 years old who are suspected of having a POLG-related disorder; Known urea cycle disorders; Known hepatic porphyria; Pregnant and breastfeeding women.