Other adverse effects that are more common with the antihistamine include headache, psychomotor impairment, and antimuscarinic effects, such as dry mouth thickened respiratory-tract secretions, blurred vision, urinary difficulty or retention, constipation, and increased gastric reflux.
Occasional gastrointestinal adverse effects of antihistamines include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or epigastric pain. Those with antiserotonin actions, such as cyproheptadine, may cause an increase in appetite with resultant weight gain, whereas anorexia has been reported with some other antihistamines.
Palpitations and arrthymias have been reported occasionally with most antihistamine. Antihistamines sometimes cause rashes and hypersensitivity reactions (including bronchospasm, angioedema, and anaphylaxis) and cross-sensitivity to related drugs may occur. Photosensitivity can be a problem, particularly with the phenothiazine antihistamines.
Blood disorders, including agranulocytosis, leucopenia, haemolytic anaemia, and thrombocytopenia, although rare, have been reported. Jaundice has also been observed, particularly with the phenothiazine antihistamines.
Other adverse effects that have been reported with the antihistamines include convulsions, sweating, myalgia, paraesthesias, extrapyramidal effects, tremors, sleep disturbances, depression, confusion, tinnitus, hypotension, and hair loss.
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