Signs and symptoms of overdose: Symptoms of overdose with nicotine from Nicotine (Nicorette) may occur in smokers who have previously had a low nicotine intake from cigarettes or if other sources of nicotine are used concomitantly with Nicotine (Nicorette).
Acute or chronic toxicity of nicotine in man is highly dependent on mode and route of administration. Adaptation to nicotine (e.g. in smokers) is known to significantly increase tolerability compared with non-smokers. The acute minimum lethal oral dose of nicotine is believed to be 40 to 60 mg in children (oral intake of tobacco from cigarettes) or 0.8 to 1.0 mg/kg in adult nonsmokers.
Symptoms of overdose are those of acute nicotine poisoning and include nausea, vomiting, increased salivation, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, sweating, headache, dizziness, disturbed hearing and marked weakness. At high doses, these symptoms may be followed by hypotension, weak and irregular pulse, breathing difficulties, prostration, circulatory collapse and general convulsions.
Doses of nicotine that are tolerated by adult smokers during treatment may produce severe symptoms of poisoning in children and may prove fatal. Suspected nicotine poisoning in a child should be considered a medical emergency and treated immediately.
What to do when the patient has taken more than the recommended dosage: Management of overdose: Administration of nicotine must be stopped immediately, and the patient should be treated symptomatically. The risk of poisoning as a result of swallowing the gum is very small, as absorption in the absence of chewing is slow and incomplete.
If excessive amount of nicotine is swallowed, activated charcoal reduces the gastrointestinal absorption of nicotine.
In the event of overdose, get medical or contact a Poison Control Center right away.
When should the patient consult the doctor: If symptoms persist, worsen, or if new symptoms occur, patients should stop use and consult a physician.
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