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Pharmacology: Pharmacodynamics: Rifampicin is bactericidal against a wide range of microorganisms and interferes with their synthesis of nucleic acids by inhibiting deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-dependent ribonucleic acid (RNA) polymerase. It has the ability to kill intracellular organisms.
Pharmacokinetics: Rifampicin is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Peak serum concentrations of the order of 10 μg/ml occur about 2 to 4 hours after a dose of 10 mg/kg body weight on an empty stomach. Absorption of rifampicin is reduced when the drug is ingested with food. The pharmacokinetics (oral and intravenous) in children is similar to adults.
In normal subjects the biological half-life of rifampicin in serum averages about 3 hours after a 600 mg dose and increases to 5.1 hours after a 900 mg dose. With repeated administration, the half-life decreases and reaches average values of approximately 2-3 hours. At a dose of up to 600 mg/day, it does not differ in patients with renal failure and consequently, no dosage adjustment is required.
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