Losartan potassium: There is limited data on overdosage with losartan in humans. Losartan overdose will most likely manifest as hypotension and tachycardia; bradycardia could occur from parasympathetic (vagal) stimulation.
Institute symptomatic treatment and monitor vital signs if symptomatic hypotension occurs. Measures are depending on the time of drug intake and kind and severity of symptoms. Stabilization of the cardiovascular system should be given priority. After oral intake, the administration of a sufficient dose of activated charcoal is indicated. Close monitoring of the vital parameters should be performed. Vital parameters should be corrected if necessary.
Losartan and its metabolite are not removed by hemodialysis.
Hydrochlorothiazide: The most common signs and symptoms of HCTZ overdose include electrolyte imbalance (hypokalemia, hypochloremia, hyponatremia) and dehydration resulting from excessive diuresis. Other features of overdose are lethargy, nausea and weakness. Lethargy may progress to coma within a few hours with minimal depression of respiratory and cardiovascular function without evidence of dehydration or serum electrolyte changes. Gastrointestinal irritation and hypermotility may occur, and temporary elevation of blood urea nitrogen has been reported.
In the treatment of thiazide overdosage, gastric contents may be evacuated taking caution to avoid aspiration, particularly in unconscious patients. If the patient is conscious, induction of vomiting with ipecac syrup is effective in removing the drug from the stomach. Do not administer cathartics since they tend to promote loss of fluid and electrolytes. Treatment is generally supportive. Monitor serum electrolyte and renal function. Replacement of fluid and electrolytes may be indicated. Measures may be required to maintain respiratory, cardiovascular and renal function. Gastrointestinal irritation is usually of short duration but may be treated symptomatically.
The degree to which HCTZ is removed by hemodialysis has not been established.
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