Kessen Mechanism of Action

Pharmacology: Ketoanalogues + Essential Amino Acids allows the intake of essential amino acids while minimizing the amino-nitrogen intake. Following ingestion, the ketoanalogues are transaminated by taking nitrogen from non-essential amino acids, thereby decreasing the formation of urea by re-using the amino group. The levels of accumulating uremic toxins are decreased. Keto- and/or hydroxy-acids do not elicit hyperfiltration of positive influence on the renal hyperphosphatemia and secondary hyperparathyroidism and can improve renal osteodystrophy. The use of Ketoanalogues + Essential Amino Acids in association with a very low protein diet allows a reduced intake of nitrogen while avoiding the deleterious consequences of inadequate dietary protein intake and malnourishment.
Pharmacokinetics: In normal individuals, there is an increase in the plasma level of ketoanalogues, 10 min after oral ingestion. These levels reach values that are approximately 5 times higher than the initial level. Peak levels are reached within 20-60 min, and normal levels are reached again after 90 min. Gastrointestinal absorption is thus very rapid. In the plasma, a simultaneous increase in levels of the ketoanalogue and the corresponding amino acid show that transamination of the ketoanalogues is very rapid. Due to the natural pathways of disposal of α-ketonic acids in the organism, it is probable that exogenous intakes are very rapidly integrated into metabolic cycles. Ketoacids follow the same catabolic pathways as the classical amino acids.