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Pharmacotherapeutic Group: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor.
Pharmacology: Pharmacodynamics/Pharmacokinetics: Enalapril acts as a prodrug of the diacid enalaprilat, its active form, which is poorly absorbed orally. About 60% of an oral dose of enalapril is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and peak plasma concentrations are achieved within about 1 hour. Enalapril is extensively hydrolyzed in the liver to enalaprilat; peak plasma concentrations of enalaprilat are achieved 3 to 4 hours after an oral dose of enalapril. Enalaprilat is 50 to 60% bound to plasma proteins. After an oral dose, enalapril is excreted in the urine and in feces as enalaprilat and unchanged drug mainly through the urinary route. The elimination of enalaprilat is multiphasic but the effective half-life for accumulation after multiple doses of enalapril is reported to be about 11 hours in patients with normal renal function. Enalaprilat is removed by hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis.
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