A white or almost white powder. The amorphous form is insoluble in water or in ether, slightly soluble in dehydrated alcohol; free soluble in acetone, soluble in chloroform, in ethyl acetate, and in methyl alcohol. The crystalline form is insoluble in water in ether, slightly soluble in dehydrated alcohol; freely soluble in acetone; sparingly soluble in chloroform, in ethyl acetate, and in methyl alcohol.
Each film coated tablet contains: Cefuroxime (as Axetil) 500 mg.
Pharmacology: Pharmacodynamics: Mechanism of Action: It is more resistant to hydrolysis by beta-lactamases, and maybe more active against beta-lactamase producing stain of, for example, Haemophilus influenzae and Neisseria gonorrhea. However, treatment failures have occurred in patients with H. Influenzae meningitis given cefuroxime and might be associated with a relatively minimum bactericidal concentration when compared with the minimum inhibitory concentration or with a significant inoculum effect. Reduced affinity of penicillin-binding proteins for cefuroxime has also been reported to be responsible for resistance in a beta-lactamase-negative strain of H. influenzae.
Pharmacokinetics: Cefuroxime Axetil is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and in rapidly hydrolyzed in the intestinal mucosa and blood to cefuroxime; absorbed enhanced in the presence of food. Peak plasma concentrations are reported about 2 to 3 hours after an oral dose. The sodium salt is given by intramuscular or intravenous injection. Peak Plasma concentrations of about 27 μg per mL have been achieved 45 minutes after an intramuscular dose of 750 mg with measurable amounts present 8 hours after a dose. Up to 50% of cefuroxime in the circulation is bound to plasma proteins. The plasma half-life is about 70 minutes and is prolonged in patients with renal impairments and in neonates.
Cefuroxime is widely distributed in the body including pleural fluid, sputum, bone, synovial fluid, and aqueous humour, but only achieves therapeutic concentrations in the CSF when the meninges are inflamed. It crosses in the placenta and has been detected in breast milk. Cefuroxime is excreted unchanged, by glomerular filtration and renal tubular secretion, and high concentrations are achieved in the urine. Following injection of most of the dose of cefuroxime is excreted within 24 hours, the majority within 6 hours. Probenecid competes for renal tubular secretion with cefuroxime resulting in higher and more prolonged plasma concentrations of cefuroxime. Small amounts of cefuroxime are excreted in bile.
Cefuroxime is a second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic used in the treatment of susceptible infections. These include bone and joint infections, bronchitis (upper and lower respiratory-tract infections), gonorrhea, meningitis, peritonitis, sinusitis, skin infections.
It is also used in surgical prophylaxis.
250 mg twice daily in most infections including mild to moderate lower respiratory-tract infections (e.g. bronchitis); doubled for more severe lower respiratory-tract infections or if pneumonia is suspected.
Gonorrhea: 1g as a single dose.
Lyme disease: Adult and children over 12 years, 500 mg twice daily for 20 days. Or as prescribed by the physician.
Gastrointestinal disturbances, including diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting, have occurred in some patients receiving cefuroxime axetil. There have been rare reports of erythema multiform, Stevens Johnson syndrome, and toxic epidermal necrolysis.
Porphyria: Cefuroxime is considered to be unsafe in patients with porphyria although there is conflicting experimental evidence of porphyrinogenecity.
Probenecid reduces the renal clearance of cefuroxime.
Store at temperatures not exceeding 25°C.
J01DC02 - cefuroxime ; Belongs to the class of second-generation cephalosporins. Used in the systemic treatment of infections.
C-Tri T FC tab 500 mg
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