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Symptoms: The symptoms of overdose are anticholinergic effects such as mydriasis, dryness of mucous membranes, flushing, rise in heart rate, reduction of bowel motility, reduction in ureter and bladder tone, increased temperature, excitation, confusion, clouding of consciousness and/or hallucinations. In severe overdose, cardiac and respiratory depression may occur.
Treatment: Gastric lavage or emesis should be considered. As antidote, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are recommended. Vital signs should be closely monitored and appropriate supportive measures taken. Artificial ventilation, reduction of fever and application of a bladder emptying catheter may be necessary.
In the event of cardiac depression, a cardiac stimulant drug, such as dobutamine, may be considered.
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