Imfinzi

Each mL contains durvalumab, 50 mg.
Each 500 mg vial of IMFINZI contains 500 mg of durvalumab in 10 mL solution.
Each 120 mg vial of IMFINZI contains 120 mg of durvalumab in 2.4 mL solution.
Durvalumab is a programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) blocking antibody. Durvalumab is a human immunoglobulin G1 kappa (IgG1κ) monoclonal antibody that is produced by recombinant DNA technology in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cell suspension culture.
IMFINZI (durvalumab) Injection for intravenous use is a sterile, preservative-free, clear to opalescent, colorless to slightly yellow solution, free from visible particles.
Excipients/Inactive Ingredients: Each mL contains L-histidine (2 mg), L-histidine hydrochloride monohydrate (2.7 mg), α,α-trehalose dihydrate (104 mg), Polysorbate 80 (0.2 mg), and Water for Injection, USP.

Pharmacology: Mechanism of Action: Expression of programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) can be induced by inflammatory signals (e.g., IFN-gamma) and can be expressed on both tumor cells and tumor-associated immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. PD-L1 blocks T-cell function and activation through interaction with PD-1 and CD80 (B7.1). By binding to its receptors, PD-L1 reduces cytotoxic T-cell activity, proliferation, and cytokine production.
Durvalumab is a human immunoglobulin G1 kappa (IgG1κ) monoclonal antibody that binds to PD-L1 and blocks the interaction of PD-L1 with PD-1 and CD80 (B7.1). Blockade of PD-L1/PD-1 and PD-L1/CD80 interactions releases the inhibition of immune responses, without inducing antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC).
PD-L1 blockade with durvalumab led to increased T-cell activation in vitro and decreased tumor size in co-engrafted human tumor and immune cell xenograft mouse models.
Pharmacodynamics: The steady state AUC, C_trough, and C_max in patients administered with 1500 mg every 4 weeks are 6% higher, 19% lower, and 55% higher than those administered with 10 mg/kg every 2 weeks, respectively. Based on the modeling of pharmacokinetic data and exposure relationships for safety, there are no anticipated clinically meaningful differences in efficacy and safety for the doses of 1500 mg every 4 weeks compared to 10 mg/kg every 2 weeks in patients weighing >30 kg with NSCLC.
Clinical Studies: Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): The efficacy of IMFINZI was evaluated in the PACIFIC Study, a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre study in 713 patients with locally advanced, unresectable NSCLC. Patients had completed at least 2 cycles of definitive platinum-based chemotherapy with radiation therapy within 1 to 42 days prior to initiation of the study and had a ECOG performance status of 0 or 1. Ninety-two percent of patients had received a total dose of 54 to 66 Gy of radiation. The study excluded patients who had progressed following chemoradiation therapy, patients with prior exposure to any anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 antibody, patients with active or prior documented autoimmune disease within 2 years of initiation of the study; a history of immunodeficiency; a history of severe immune-mediated adverse reactions; medical conditions that required systemic immunosuppression, except physiological dose of systemic corticosteroids; active tuberculosis or hepatitis B or C or HIV infection or patients receiving live attenuated vaccine within 30 days before or after the start of IMFINZI. Patients were randomised 2:1 to receive 10 mg/kg IMFINZI (n=476) or 10 mg/kg placebo (n=237) via intravenous infusion every 2 weeks for up to 12 months or until unacceptable toxicity or confirmed disease progression. Randomisation was stratified by gender, age (<65 years vs. ≥65 years) and smoking status (smoker vs. non-smoker). Patients with disease control at 12 months were given the option to be re-treated upon disease progression. Tumour assessments were conducted every 8 weeks for the first 12 months and then every 12 weeks thereafter.
Patients were enrolled regardless of their tumour PD-L1 expression level. Where available, archival tumour tissue specimens taken prior to chemoradiation therapy were retrospectively tested for PD-L1 expression on tumour cells (TC) using the VENTANA PD-L1 (SP263) IHC assay. Of the 713 patients randomised, 63% of patients provided a tissue sample of sufficient quality and quantity to determine PD-L1 expression and 37% were unknown.
The demographics and baseline disease characteristics were well balanced between study arms. Baseline demographics of the overall study population were as follows: male (70%), age ≥65 years (45%), age ≥75 years (8%), White (69%), Asian (27%), other (4%), current smoker (16%), past-smoker (75%), never smoker (9%), ECOG Performance Status 0 (49%), ECOG Performance Status 1 (51%). Disease characteristics were as follows: Stage IIIA (53%), Stage IIIB (45%), histological sub-groups of squamous (46%), non-squamous (54%). Of 451 patients with PD L1 expression available, 67% were TC ≥1% [PD-L1 TC 1-24% (32%), PD L1 TC ≥25% (35%)] and 33% were TC <1%.
The two primary endpoints of the study were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of IMFINZI vs. placebo. Secondary efficacy endpoints included PFS at 12 months (PFS 12) and 18 months (PFS 18) from randomisation and Time from Randomisation to Second Progression (PFS2). PFS was assessed by Blinded Independent Central Review (BICR) according to RECIST v1.1.
The study demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in PFS in the IMFINZI-treated group compared with the placebo group [hazard ratio (HR)=0.52 (95% CI: 0.42, 0.65), p <0.0001]. The study demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in OS in the IMFINZI-treated group compared with the placebo group [HR=0.68 (95% CI: 0.53, 0.87), p=0.00251].
In the 5 year follow-up analysis, with a median follow-up of 34.2 months, IMFINZI continued to demonstrate improved OS and PFS compared to placebo. The OS and PFS results from the primary analysis and the follow-up analysis are summarized in Table 1. (See Table 1.)

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Kaplan-Meier curves for OS and PFS from the 5 year follow-up analysis are presented in Figures 1 and 2. (See Figures 1 and 2.)

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The improvements in PFS and OS in favour of patients receiving IMFINZI compared to those receiving placebo were consistently observed in all predefined subgroups analysed, including ethnicity, age, gender, smoking history, EGFR mutation status and histology.
Post-hoc subgroup analysis by PD-L1 expression: Additional subgroup analyses were conducted to evaluate the efficacy by tumour PD-L1 expression (≥25%, 1-24%, ≥1%, <1%) and for patients whose PD-L1 status cannot be established (PD-L1 unknown). PFS and OS results from the 5 year follow-up analysis are summarised in Figures 3, 4, 5 and 6. (See Figures 3, 4, 5 and 6.)

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Overall the safety profile of durvalumab in PD-L1 TC ≥1% subgroup was consistent with the intent to treat population, as was the PD-L1 TC <1% subgroup.
Patient-reported outcomes: Patient-reported symptoms, function and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) were collected using the EORTC QLQ-C30 and its lung cancer module (EORTC QLQ-LC13). The LC13 and C30 were assessed at baseline, every 4 weeks for the first 8 weeks, followed by every 8 weeks until completion of the treatment period or discontinuation of IMFINZI due to toxicity or disease progression. Compliance was similar between the IMFINZI and placebo treatment groups (83% vs. 85.1% overall of evaluable forms completed).
At baseline, no differences in patient-reported symptoms, function and HRQoL were observed between IMFINZI and placebo groups. Throughout the duration of the study to Week 48, there was no clinically meaningful difference between IMFINZI and placebo groups in symptoms, functioning and HRQoL (as assessed by a difference of greater than or equal to 10 points).
Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) - CASPIAN Study: CASPIAN was a study designed to evaluate the efficacy of IMFINZI in combination with etoposide and either carboplatin or cisplatin. CASPIAN was a randomized, open-label, multicentre study in 805 treatment naïve ES-SCLC patients with WHO/ECOG Performance status of 0 or 1, body weight >30 kg, suitable to receive a platinum-based chemotherapy regimen as first-line treatment for SCLC, with life expectancy ≥12 weeks, at least one target lesion by RECIST 1.1 and adequate organ and bone marrow function. Patients with asymptomatic or treated brain metastases were eligible. The study excluded patients with a history of chest radiation therapy; a history of active primary immunodeficiency; autoimmune disorders including paraneoplastic syndrome (PNS); active or prior documented autoimmune or inflammatory disorders; use of systemic immunosuppressants within 14 days before the first dose of the treatment except physiological dose of systemic corticosteroids; active tuberculosis or hepatitis B or C or HIV infection; or patients receiving live attenuated vaccine within 30 days before or after the start of IMFINZI.
Randomization was stratified by the planned platinum-based (carboplatin or cisplatin) therapy in cycle 1.
Patients were randomised 1:1:1 to receive: Arm 1: IMFINZI 1500 mg + tremelimumab 75 mg + etoposide and either carboplatin or cisplatin.
Arm 2: IMFINZI 1500 mg + etoposide and either carboplatin or cisplatin.
Arm 3: Either carboplatin (AUC 5 or 6 mg/mL/min) or cisplatin (75-80 mg/m²) on Day 1 and etoposide (80-100 mg/m²) intravenously on Days 1, 2, and 3 of each 21-day cycle for between 4-6 cycles.
For patients randomised to Arm 1 and 2, etoposide and either carboplatin or cisplatin was limited to 4 cycles on an every 3 week schedule subsequent to randomisation. IMFINZI monotherapy continued every 4 weeks until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Administration of IMFINZI monotherapy was permitted beyond disease progression if the patient was clinically stable and deriving clinical benefit as determined by the investigator.
Patients randomised to Arm 3 were permitted to receive a total of up to 6 cycles of etoposide and either carboplatin or cisplatin. After completion of etoposide + platinum, PCI was permitted only in Arm 3 per investigator discretion.
Tumour assessments were conducted at Week 6 and Week 12 from the date of randomization, and then every 8 weeks until confirmed objective disease progression. Survival assessments were conducted every 2 months following treatment discontinuation.
The primary endpoints of the study were Overall Survival (OS) of IMFINZI + etoposide + platinum (Arm 2) vs. etoposide + platinum alone (Arm 3) and IMFINZI + tremelimumab + etoposide + platinum (Arm 1) vs. etoposide + platinum alone (Arm 3). The key secondary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Other secondary endpoints were Objective Response Rate (ORR), OS and PFS landmarks and Patient-Reported Outcomes (PRO). PFS and ORR were assessed using Investigator assessments according to RECIST v1.1.
The demographics and baseline disease characteristics were well balanced between the two study arms (268 patients in Arm 2 and 269 patients in Arm 3). Baseline demographics of the overall study population were as follows: male (69.6%), age ≥65 years (39.6%), median age 63 years (range: 28 to 82 years), white (83.8%), Asian (14.5%), black or African American (0.9%), other (0.6%), non-Hispanic or Latino (96.1%), current or past-smoker (93.1%), never smoker (6.9%), WHO/ECOG PS 0 (35.2%), WHO/ECOG PS 1 (64.8%), Stage IV 90.3%, 24.6% of the patients received cisplatin and 74.1% of the patients received carboplatin. In Arm 3, 56.8% of the patients received 6 cycles of etoposide + platinum and 7.8% of the patients received PCI.
At a planned interim (primary) analysis the study demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in OS with IMFINZI + etoposide + platinum (Arm 2) vs. etoposide + platinum alone (Arm 3) [HR=0.73 (95% CI: 0.591, 0.909), p=0.0047]. Although not formally tested for significance, IMFINZI + etoposide + platinum demonstrated an improvement in PFS vs. etoposide + platinum alone [HR=0.78 (95% CI: 0.645, 0.936)].
The PFS, ORR and DoR results from the planned final analysis (DCO: 27 Jan 2020) are summarized in Table 2. Kaplan-Meier curve for PFS is presented in Figure 8.
The OS results with the planned long-term OS follow-up analysis (DCO: 22 March 2021) (median follow-up: 39.3 months) are presented in Table 2. IMFINZI + etoposide + platinum (Arm 2) vs. etoposide + platinum (Arm 3) continued to demonstrate sustained improvement in OS. Kaplan-Meier curve for OS is presented in Figure 7. (See Table 2, Figures 7 and 8.)

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Subgroup analysis: The improvements in OS in favour of patients receiving IMFINZI + etoposide + platinum compared to those receiving etoposide + platinum alone, were consistently observed across the prespecified subgroups based on demographics, geographical region, carboplatin or cisplatin use and disease characteristics.
BTC - TOPAZ-1 Study: TOPAZ-1 was a study designed to evaluate the efficacy of IMFINZI in combination with gemcitabine and cisplatin. TOPAZ-1 was a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre study in 685 patients with unresectable or metastatic BTC (including intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and gallbladder carcinoma) and ECOG Performance status of 0 or 1. Patients had not received previous therapy in the advanced/unresectable setting. Patients who developed recurrent disease >6 months after surgery and/or completion of adjuvant therapy were included. Patients must have had an adequate organ and bone marrow function, and have had acceptable serum bilirubin levels (≤2.0 x the upper limit of normal (ULN)), and any clinically significant biliary obstruction had to be resolved before randomisation.
The study excluded patients with ampullary carcinoma, with brain metastases, active or prior documented autoimmune or inflammatory disorders, HIV infection or active infections, including tuberculosis or hepatitis C or patients with current or prior use of immunosuppressive medication within 14 days before the first dose of IMFINZI. Patients with active HBV were allowed to participate if they were on antiviral therapy.
Randomisation was stratified by disease status (initially unresectable vs. recurrent) and primary tumour location (intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma vs. extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma vs. gallbladder carcinoma).
Patients were randomised 1:1 to receive: Arm 1: IMFINZI 1500 mg administered on Day 1 + gemcitabine 1000 mg/m² and cisplatin 25 mg/m² (each administered on Days 1 and 8) every 3 weeks (21 days) for up to 8 cycles, followed by IMFINZI 1500 mg every 4 weeks until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity, or Arm 2: Placebo administered on Day 1 + gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 and cisplatin 25 mg/m² (each administered on Days 1 and 8) every 3 weeks (21 days) for up to 8 cycles, followed by placebo every 4 weeks until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Tumour assessments were conducted every 6 weeks for the first 24 weeks after the date of randomisation, and then every 8 weeks until confirmed objective disease progression.
The primary endpoint of the study was OS, the key secondary endpoint was PFS. Other secondary endpoints were ORR, DoR and PRO. PFS, ORR and DoR were investigator-assessed according to RECIST v1.1.
The demographics and baseline disease characteristics were well balanced between the two study arms (341 patients in Arm 1 and 344 patients in Arm 2). Baseline demographics of the overall study population were as follows: male (50.4%), age <65 years (53.3%), white (37.2%), Asian (56.4%), Black or African American (2.0%), other (4.2%), non-Hispanic or Latino (93.1%), ECOG PS 0 (49.1%), vs. PS 1 (50.9%), primary tumour location (intrahepatic bile duct 55.9%, extrahepatic bile duct 19.1% and gallbladder 25.0%), disease status [recurrent (19.1%) vs. unresectable (80.7%), metastatic (86.0%) vs. locally advanced (13.9%)]. PD-L1 expression was evaluated on tumour and immune cells using the Ventana PD-L1 (SP263) assay and the TAP (tumour area positivity) algorithm, 58.7% patients had TAP ≥1% and 30.1% TAP <1%.
OS and PFS were formally tested at a pre-planned interim analysis (data cut-off 11 Aug 2021) after a median follow-up of 9.8 months. Efficacy results are shown in Table 3 and Figure 9. The maturity for OS was 62% and the maturity for PFS was 84%. IMFINZI + chemotherapy (Arm 1) showed statistically significant improvement vs. placebo + chemotherapy (Arm 2) in OS and in PFS. (See Table 3.)

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An additional planned follow-up analysis of OS (data cut-off 25 Feb 2022) was performed 6.5 months after the interim analysis with an OS maturity of 77%. IMFINZI + chemotherapy continued to demonstrate improved OS vs. chemotherapy alone [HR=0.76, (95% CI: 0.64, 0.91)] and the median follow-up increased to 12 months. (See Figures 9 and 10.)

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Pharmacokinetics: The pharmacokinetics of durvalumab as a single agent was studied in patients with doses ranging from 0.1 mg/kg (0.01 times the approved recommended dosage) to 20 mg/kg (2 times the approved recommended dosage) administered once every two, three or four weeks.
PK exposure increased more than dose-proportionally at doses <3 mg/kg (0.3 times the approved recommended dosage) and dose proportionally at doses ≥to 3 mg/kg every 2 weeks. Steady state was achieved at approximately 16 weeks.
The pharmacokinetics of durvalumab is similar when assessed as a single agent and when in combination with chemotherapy.
Distribution: The geometric mean (% coefficient of variation [CV%]) steady state volume of distribution (V_ss) was 5.6 (18%) L.
Elimination: Durvalumab clearance decreases over time, with a mean maximal reduction (CV%) from baseline values of approximately 23% (57%) resulting in a geometric mean (CV%) steady state clearance (CL_ss) of 8.2 mL/h (39%) at day 365; the decrease in CL_ss is not considered clinically relevant. The geometric mean (CV%) terminal half-life, based on baseline CL was approximately 18 (24%) days.
Specific Populations: There were no clinically significant differences in pharmacokinetics of durvalumab based on body weight (31-175 kg), age (18-96 years), sex, race (White, Black, Asian, Native Hawaiian, Pacific Islander, or Native American), albumin levels (4-57 g/L), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels (18-15,800 U/L), creatinine levels, soluble PD-L1 (67-3,470 pg/mL), tumor type (NSCLC, SCLC and BTC), mild or moderate renal impairment (CL_cr 30 to 89 mL/min), mild or moderate hepatic impairment (bilirubin ≤3x ULN and any AST). The effect of severe renal impairment (CL_cr 15 to 29 mL/min) or severe hepatic impairment (bilirubin >3x ULN and any AST) on the pharmacokinetics of durvalumab is unknown.
Immunogenicity: As with all therapeutic proteins, there is a potential for immunogenicity. The detection of antibody formation is highly dependent on the sensitivity and specificity of the assay. Additionally, the observed incidence of antibody (including neutralizing antibody) positivity in an assay may be influenced by several factors including assay methodology, sample handling, timing of sample collection, concomitant medications, and underlying disease. For these reasons, comparison of the incidence of antibodies to durvalumab to the incidence of antibodies to other products may be misleading.
Of 2280 patients who received IMFINZI 10 mg/kg every 2 weeks or 20 mg/kg every 4 weeks as a single-agent, 69 patients (3%) tested positive for treatment-emergent anti-drug antibodies (ADA) and 12 (0.5%) tested positive for neutralizing antibodies. The development of ADA against durvalumab appears to have no clinically relevant effect on its pharmacokinetics or safety profile.
Of 201 patients in the CASPIAN study who received IMFINZI 1500 mg every 3 weeks in combination with chemotherapy for four doses followed by IMFINZI 1500 mg every 4 weeks no patients tested positive for treatment-emergent ADA.
Of the 240 patients in the TOPAZ-1 study who received IMFINZI 1500 mg every 3 weeks in combination with chemotherapy up to 8 cycles followed by IMFINZI 1500 mg every 4 weeks, 2 (0.8%) patients tested positive for treatment emergent ADAs and neutralizing antibodies, respectively. There were insufficient numbers of patients with treatment-emergent ADAs or neutralizing antibodies (2 patients each) to determine whether ADAs have an impact on pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, safety and/or effectiveness of IMFINZI.
Nonclinical Toxicology: Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility: The carcinogenic and genotoxic potential of durvalumab have not been evaluated.
Animal fertility studies have not been conducted with durvalumab. In repeat-dose toxicology studies with durvalumab in sexually mature cynomolgus monkeys of up to 3 months duration, there were no notable effects on the male and female reproductive organs.
Animal Toxicology and/or Pharmacology: In animal models, inhibition of PD-L1/PD-1 signaling increased the severity of some infections and enhanced inflammatory responses. M. tuberculosis-infected PD-1 knockout mice exhibit markedly decreased survival compared with wild-type controls, which correlated with increased bacterial proliferation and inflammatory responses in these animals. PD-L1 and PD-1 knockout mice have also shown decreased survival following infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus.

Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): IMFINZI is indicated for the treatment of patients with unresectable Stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose disease has not progressed following concurrent platinum-based chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC): IMFINZI in combination with etoposide and either carboplatin or cisplatin is indicated for the first-line treatment of patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC).
Biliary Tract Cancer (BTC): IMFINZI in combination with gemcitabine and cisplatin is indicated for the first-line treatment of adults with unresectable or metastatic biliary tract cancer (BTC).

The recommended dosages for IMFINZI as a single agent and IMFINZI in combination with chemotherapy are presented in Table 4 [see Pharmacology: Pharmacodynamics: Clinical Studies under Actions].
IMFINZI is administered as an intravenous infusion over 60 minutes. (See Table 4.)

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Dosage Modifications for Adverse Reactions: No dose reductions are recommended. In general, withhold or discontinue IMFINZI for severe (Grade 3) immune-mediated adverse reactions. Permanently discontinue IMFINZI for life-threatening (Grade 4) immune-mediated adverse reactions, recurrent severe (Grade 3) immune-mediated reactions that require systemic immunosuppressive treatment, or an inability to reduce corticosteroid dose to 10 mg or less of prednisone or equivalent per day within 12 weeks of initiating corticosteroids.
Immune-mediated adverse reactions requiring specific management are summarized in Table 5. Refer to Precautions for further monitoring and evaluation information. (See Table 5.)

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Preparation and Administration: Preparation: Visually inspect drug product for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit. Discard the vial if the solution is cloudy, discolored, or visible particles are observed.
Do not shake the vial.
Withdraw the required volume from the vial(s) of IMFINZI and transfer into an intravenous bag containing 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP or 5% Dextrose Injection, USP. Mix diluted solution by gentle inversion. Do not shake the solution. The final concentration of the diluted solution should be between 1 mg/mL and 15 mg/mL.
Discard partially used or empty vials of IMFINZI.
Storage of Infusion Solution: IMFINZI does not contain a preservative.
Administer infusion solution immediately once prepared. If infusion solution is not administered immediately and needs to be stored, the time from preparation until the completion of the infusion should not exceed: 28 days in a refrigerator at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F); 12 hours at room temperature up to 25°C (77°F).
Do not freeze.
Do not shake.
Administration: Administer infusion solution intravenously over 60 minutes through an intravenous line containing a sterile, low-protein binding 0.2 or 0.22 micron in-line filter.
Do not co-administer other drugs through the same infusion line.

There is no information on overdose with IMFINZI.

None.

Refer to Table 5 under Dosage & Administration for recommended treatment modifications and management of immune-mediated adverse reactions.
Immune-mediated pneumonitis: Immune-mediated pneumonitis or interstitial lung disease, defined as requiring use of systemic corticosteroids and with no clear alternate etiology, occurred in patients receiving IMFINZI [see Adverse Reactions]. Patients should be monitored for signs and symptoms of pneumonitis. Suspected pneumonitis should be confirmed with radiographic imaging and other infectious and disease-related etiologies excluded, and managed as recommended in Dosage & Administration [see Dosage & Administration].
Pneumonitis and radiation pneumonitis: Radiation pneumonitis is frequently observed in patients receiving radiation therapy to the lung and the clinical presentation of pneumonitis and radiation pneumonitis is very similar. In the PACIFIC Study, in patients who had completed treatment with concurrent chemoradiation within 1 to 42 days prior to initiation of the trial, pneumonitis and radiation pneumonitis occurred in patients receiving IMFINZI. Pneumonitis or radiation pneumonitis occurred in 161 (33.9%) patients in the IMFINZI-treated group and 58 (24.8%) in the placebo group; including Grade 3 in 16 (3.4%) patients on IMFINZI vs. 7 (3.0%) patients on placebo and Grade 5 in 5 (1.1%) patients on IMFINZI vs. 4 (1.7%) patients on placebo. The median time to onset in the IMFINZI-treated group was 55 days (range: 1-406 days) vs. 55 days (range: 1-255 days) in the placebo group.
In patients receiving IMFINZI monotherapy, immune-mediated pneumonitis occurred in 92 (3.1%) patients, including Grade 3 in 25 (0.8%) patients, Grade 4 in 2 (<0.1%) patients, and Grade 5 in 6 (0.2%) patients. The median time to onset was 55 days (range: 2-785 days). Sixty-nine of the 92 patients received high-dose corticosteroid treatment (at least 40 mg prednisone or equivalent per day), 2 patients also received infliximab and 1 patient also received cyclosporine. IMFINZI was discontinued in 38 patients. Resolution occurred in 53 patients. Immune-mediated pneumonitis occurred more frequently in patients in the PACIFIC Study who had completed treatment with concurrent chemoradiation within 1 to 42 days prior to initiation of the study (9.9%), compared to the other patients in the combined safety database (1.8%).
In the PACIFIC Study, in patients with locally advanced, unresectable NSCLC (n=475 in the IMFINZI arm, and n=234 in the placebo arm) who had completed treatment with concurrent chemoradiation within 1 to 42 days prior to initiation of the study, immune-mediated pneumonitis occurred in 47 (9.9%) patients in the IMFINZI-treated group and 14 (6.0%) patients in the placebo group, including Grade 3 in 9 (1.9%) patients on IMFINZI vs. 6 (2.6%) patients on placebo and Grade 5 in 4 (0.8%) patients on IMFINZI vs. 3 (1.3%) patients on placebo. The median time to onset in the IMFINZI-treated group was 46 days (range: 2-342 days) vs. 57 days (range: 26-253 days) in the placebo group. In the IMFINZI-treated group 30 patients received high-dose corticosteroid treatment (at least 40 mg prednisone or equivalent per day) and 2 patients also received infliximab. In the placebo group 12 patients received high-dose corticosteroid treatment (at least 40 mg prednisone or equivalent per day) and 1 patient also received cyclophosphamide and tacrolimus. Resolution occurred for 29 patients in the IMFINZI treated group vs 6 in placebo.
Immune-mediated hepatitis: Immune-mediated hepatitis, defined as requiring use of systemic corticosteroids and with no clear alternate etiology, occurred in patients receiving IMFINZI [see Adverse Reactions]. Monitor alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase levels prior to initiation of treatment and prior to each subsequent infusion. Additional monitoring is to be considered based on clinical evaluation. Immune-mediated hepatitis should be managed as recommended in Dosage & Administration [see Dosage & Administration].
In patients receiving IMFINZI monotherapy, immune-mediated hepatitis occurred in 67 (2.2%) patients, including Grade 3 in 35 (1.2%) patients, Grade 4 in 6 (0.2%) and Grade 5 in 4 (0.1%) patients. The median time to onset was 36 days (range: 3-333 days). Forty-four of the 67 patients received high-dose corticosteroid treatment (at least 40 mg prednisone or equivalent per day). Three patients also received mycophenolate treatment. IMFINZI was discontinued in 9 patients. Resolution occurred in 29 patients.
Immune-mediated colitis: Immune-mediated colitis or diarrhea, defined as requiring use of systemic corticosteroids and with no clear alternate etiology, occurred in patients receiving IMFINZI [see Adverse Reactions]. Patients should be monitored for signs and symptoms of colitis or diarrhea and intestinal perforation and managed as recommended in Dosage & Administration [see Dosage & Administration].
In patients receiving IMFINZI monotherapy, immune-mediated colitis or diarrhea occurred in 58 (1.9%) patients, including Grade 3 in 9 (0.3%) patients and Grade 4 in 2 (<0.1%) patients. The median time to onset was 70 days (range: 1-394 days). Thirty-eight of the 58 patients received high-dose corticosteroid treatment (at least 40 mg prednisone or equivalent per day). One patient also received infliximab treatment and one patient also received mycophenolate treatment. IMFINZI was discontinued in 9 patients. Resolution occurred in 43 patients.
Immune-mediated endocrinopathies: Immune-mediated hypothyroidism/hyperthyroidism/thyroiditis: Immune-mediated hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism or thyroiditis have occurred in patients receiving IMFINZI [see Adverse Reactions]. Patients should be monitored for abnormal thyroid function tests prior to and periodically during treatment and managed as recommended in Dosage & Administration [see Dosage & Administration].
Immune-mediated hypothyroidism: In patients receiving IMFINZI monotherapy, immune-mediated hypothyroidism occurred in 245 (8.2%) patients, including Grade 3 in 4 (0.1%) patients. The median time to onset was 85 days (range: 1-562 days). Of the 245 patients, 240 patients received hormone replacement therapy, 6 patients received high-dose corticosteroids (at least 40 mg prednisone or equivalent per day) for immune-mediated hypothyroidism followed by hormone replacement. No patients discontinued IMFINZI due to immune-mediated hypothyroidism. Immune-mediated hypothyroidism was preceded by immune-mediated hyperthyroidism in 20 patients or immune-mediated thyroiditis in 3 patients.
Immune-mediated hyperthyroidism: In patients receiving IMFINZI monotherapy, immune-mediated hyperthyroidism occurred in 50 (1.7%) patients, there were no Grade 3 or 4 cases. The median time to onset was 43 days (range: 1-253 days). Forty-six of the 50 patients received medical therapy (thiamazole, carbimazole, propylthiouracil, perchlorate, calcium channel blocker, or beta-blocker), 11 patients received systemic corticosteroids and 4 of the 11 patients received high-dose systemic corticosteroid treatment (at least 40 mg prednisone or equivalent per day). One patient discontinued IMFINZI due to immune-mediated hyperthyroidism. Resolution occurred in 39 patients.
Immune-mediated thyroiditis: In patients receiving IMFINZI monotherapy, immune-mediated thyroiditis occurred in 12 (0.4%) patients, including Grade 3 in 2 (<0.1%) patients. The median time to onset was 49 days (range: 14-106 days). Of the 12 patients, 10 patients received hormone replacement therapy, 1 patient received high-dose corticosteroids (at least 40 mg prednisone or equivalent per day). One patient discontinued IMFINZI due to immune-mediated thyroiditis.
Immune-mediated adrenal insufficiency: Immune-mediated adrenal insufficiency occurred in patients receiving IMFINZI [see Adverse Reactions]. Patients should be monitored for clinical signs and symptoms of adrenal insufficiency. For symptomatic adrenal insufficiency, patients should be managed as recommended in Dosage & Administration [see Dosage & Administration].
In patients receiving IMFINZI monotherapy, immune-mediated adrenal insufficiency occurred in 14 (0.5%) patients, including Grade 3 in 3 (<0.1%) patients. The median time to onset was 146 days (range: 20-547 days). All 14 patients received systemic corticosteroids; 4 of the 14 patients received high-dose corticosteroid treatment (at least 40 mg prednisone or equivalent per day). No patients discontinued IMFINZI due to immune-mediated adrenal insufficiency. Resolution occurred in 3 patients.
Immune-mediated type 1 diabetes mellitus: Immune-mediated type 1 diabetes mellitus, which can present with diabetic ketoacidosis, occurred in patients receiving IMFINZI [see Adverse Reactions]. Patients should be monitored for clinical signs and symptoms of type 1 diabetes mellitus. For symptomatic type 1 diabetes mellitus, patients should be managed as recommended in Dosage & Administration [see Dosage & Administration].
In patients receiving IMFINZI monotherapy, Grade 3 immune-mediated type 1 diabetes mellitus occurred in 1 (<0.1%) patient. The time to onset was 43 days. This patient required long-term insulin therapy and IMFINZI was permanently discontinued due to immune-mediated type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Immune-mediated hypophysitis/hypopituitarism: Immune-mediated hypophysitis or hypopituitarism occurred in patients receiving IMFINZI [see Adverse Reactions]. Patients should be monitored for clinical signs and symptoms of hypophysitis or hypopituitarism. For symptomatic hypophysitis or hypopituitarism, patients should be managed as recommended in Dosage & Administration [see Dosage & Administration].
In patients receiving IMFINZI monotherapy, immune-mediated hypophysitis/hypopituitarism occurred in 2 (<0.1%) patients both Grade 3. The time to onset for the events was 44 days and 50 days. Both patients received high-dose corticosteroid treatment (at least 40 mg prednisone or equivalent per day) and one patient discontinued IMFINZI due to immune-mediated hypophysitis/hypopituitarism.
Immune-mediated nephritis: Immune-mediated nephritis, defined as requiring use of systemic corticosteroids and with no clear alternate etiology, occurred in patients receiving IMFINZI [see Adverse Reactions]. Patients should be monitored for abnormal renal function tests prior to and periodically during treatment with IMFINZI and managed as recommended in Dosage & Administration [see Dosage & Administration].
In patients receiving IMFINZI monotherapy, immune-mediated nephritis occurred in 14 (0.5%) patients, including Grade 3 in 2 (<0.1%) patients. The median time to onset was 71 days (range: 4-393 days). Nine patients received high-dose corticosteroid treatment (at least 40 mg prednisone or equivalent per day) and 1 patient also received mycophenolate. IMFINZI was discontinued in 5 patients. Resolution occurred in 8 patients.
Immune-mediated rash: Immune-mediated rash or dermatitis (including pemphigoid), defined as requiring use of systemic corticosteroids and with no clear alternate etiology, occurred in patients receiving IMFINZI [see Adverse Reactions]. Patients should be monitored for signs and symptoms of rash or dermatitis and managed as recommended in Dosage & Administration [see Dosage & Administration].
In patients receiving IMFINZI monotherapy, immune-mediated rash or dermatitis (including pemphigoid) occurred in 50 (1.7%) patients, including Grade 3 in 12 (0.4%) patients. The median time to onset was 43 days (range: 4-333 days). Twenty-four of the 50 patients received high-dose corticosteroid treatment (at least 40 mg prednisone or equivalent per day). IMFINZI was discontinued in 3 patients. Resolution occurred in 31 patients.
Immune-mediated myocarditis: Immune-mediated myocarditis, which can be fatal, occurred in patients receiving IMFINZI (see Adverse Reactions). Patients should be monitored for signs and symptoms of immune-mediated myocarditis and managed as recommended in Dosage & Administration.
Other immune-mediated adverse reactions: Given the mechanism of action of IMFINZI, other potential immune-mediated adverse reactions may occur. Patients should be monitored for signs and symptoms and managed as recommended in Dosage & Administration [see Dosage & Administration]. Other immune-mediated adverse reactions are myasthenia gravis, myositis, polymyositis and immune thrombocytopenia, pancreatitis and encephalitis.
Infusion-related reactions: Patients should be monitored for signs and symptoms of infusion-related reactions. Severe infusion-related reactions have been reported in patients receiving IMFINZI [see Adverse Reactions].
In patients receiving IMFINZI monotherapy, infusion-related reactions occurred in 49 (1.6%) patients, including Grade 3 in 5 (0.2%) patients. There were no Grade 4 or 5 events.
Embryo-Fetal Toxicity: Based on its mechanism of action and data from animal studies, IMFINZI can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. In animal reproduction studies, administration of durvalumab to cynomolgus monkeys from the onset of organogenesis through delivery resulted in increased premature delivery, fetal loss and premature neonatal death. Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus. Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with IMFINZI and for at least 3 months after the last dose of IMFINZI [see Use in Pregnancy & Lactation].
Use in Children: The safety and effectiveness of IMFINZI have not been established in pediatric patients.
Use in the Elderly: Of the 476 patients treated with IMFINZI in the PACIFIC study, 45% were 65 years or older, while 7.6% were 75 years or older. No overall differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between patients 65 years or older and younger patients. The PACIFIC study did not include sufficient numbers of patients aged 75 years and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger patients.
Of the 265 patients with ES-SCLC treated with IMFINZI in combination with chemotherapy, 101 (38%) patients were 65 years or older and 19 (7.2%) patients were 75 years or older. There were no clinically meaningful differences in safety or efficacy between patients 65 years or older and younger patients.
Of the 338 patients with BTC treated with IMFINZI in combination with chemotherapy in the TOPAZ-1 study, 158 (47%) patients were 65 years or older and 38 (11%) patients were 75 years or older. No overall differences in safety or effectiveness of IMFINZI have been observed between patients 65 years of age and older and younger adult patients.

Pregnancy: Risk summary: Based on its mechanism of action and data from animal studies, IMFINZI can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman [see Pharmacology under Actions]. There are no data on the use of IMFINZI in pregnant women.
In animal reproduction studies, administration of durvalumab to pregnant cynomolgus monkeys from the confirmation of pregnancy through delivery resulted at exposure levels approximately 6 to 20 times higher than those observed at the clinical dose of 10 mg/kg (based on AUC) in an increase in premature delivery, fetal loss and premature neonatal death (see Data as follows). Human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) is known to cross the placental barrier; therefore, durvalumab has the potential to be transmitted from the mother to the developing fetus. Apprise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus.
In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2-4% and 15-20%, respectively.
Data: Animal Data: As reported in the literature, the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway plays a central role in preserving pregnancy by maintaining maternal immune tolerance to the fetus. In mouse allogeneic pregnancy models, disruption of PD-L1 signaling was shown to result in an increase in fetal loss. The effects of durvalumab on prenatal and postnatal development were evaluated in reproduction studies in cynomolgus monkeys. Durvalumab was administered from the confirmation of pregnancy through delivery at exposure levels approximately 6 to 20 times higher than those observed at the recommended clinical dose of 10 mg/kg (based on AUC). Administration of durvalumab resulted in premature delivery, fetal loss (abortion and stillbirth) and increase in neonatal deaths. Durvalumab was detected in infant serum on postpartum Day 1, indicating the presence of placental transfer of durvalumab. Based on its mechanism of action, fetal exposure to durvalumab may increase the risk of developing immune-mediated disorders or altering the normal immune response and immune-mediated disorders have been reported in PD-1 knockout mice.
Lactation: Risk Summary: There is no information regarding the presence of durvalumab in human milk, the effects on the breastfed infant, or the effects on milk production. Human IgG1 is excreted in human milk. Durvalumab was present in the milk of lactating cynomolgus monkeys and was associated with premature neonatal death (see Data as follows).
Because of the potential for adverse reactions in breastfed infants, advise women not to breastfeed during treatment with IMFINZI and for at least 3 months after the last dose.
Data: In lactating cynomolgus monkeys, durvalumab was present in breast milk at about 0.15% of maternal serum concentrations after administration of durvalumab from the confirmation of pregnancy through delivery at exposure levels approximately 6 to 20 times higher than those observed at the recommended clinical dose of 10 mg/kg (based on AUC). Administration of durvalumab resulted in premature neonatal death.
Females and Males of Reproductive Potential: Pregnancy testing: Verify pregnancy status of females of reproductive potential prior to initiating treatment with IMFINZI.
Contraception: Females: Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with IMFINZI and for at least 3 months following the last dose of IMFINZI.
IMFINZI can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman [see Pregnancy as previously mentioned].

The following adverse reactions are discussed in greater detail in Precautions: Immune-mediated Pneumonitis [see Precautions]; Immune-mediated hepatitis [see Precautions]; Immune-mediated colitis [see Precautions]; Immune-mediated endocrinopathies [see Precautions]; Immune-mediated nephritis [see Precautions]; Immune-mediated rash [see Precautions]; Other immune-mediated adverse reactions [see Precautions]; Infusion-related reactions [see Precautions].
Clinical Trials Experience: Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.
The data described in Precautions reflect exposure to IMFINZI in 1889 patients from the PACIFIC study (a randomized, placebo-controlled study that enrolled 475 patients with Stage III NSCLC), and Study 1108 (an open-label, single-arm, multicohort study that enrolled 970 patients with advanced solid tumours), and additional open-label, single-arm trial that enrolled 444 patients with metastatic lung cancer, indications for which durvalumab is not approved. In these trials, IMFINZI was administered at a dose of 10 mg/kg every 2 weeks. Among the 1889 patients, 38% were exposed for 6 months or more and 18% were exposed for 12 months or more. The data also reflects exposure to IMFINZI in combination with chemotherapy in 265 patients from the CASPIAN study (a randomized, open-label study in patients with ES-SCLC), in 338 patients from the TOPAZ-1 study (a randomized, double-blind study in patients with BTC). In the CASPIAN and TOPAZ-1 studies, IMFINZI was administered at a dose of 1500 mg every 3 or 4 weeks.
The data described in this section reflect exposure to IMFINZI in patients with Stage III NSCLC enrolled in the PACIFIC study and in patients with ES-SCLC enrolled in the CASPIAN study and in patients with BTC enrolled in the TOPAZ-1 study.
Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: The safety of IMFINZI in patients with Stage III NSCLC who completed concurrent platinum-based chemoradiotherapy within 42 days prior to initiation of study drug was evaluated in the PACIFIC study, a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. A total of 475 patients received IMFINZI 10 mg/kg intravenously every 2 weeks. The study excluded patients who had disease progression following chemoradiation, with active or prior autoimmune disease within 2 years of initiation of the study or with medical conditions that required systemic immunosuppression [see Pharmacology: Pharmacodynamics: Clinical Studies under Actions].
The study population characteristics were: median age of 64 years (range: 23 to 90), 45% age 65 years or older, 70% male, 69% White, 27% Asian, 75% former smoker, 16% current smoker, and 51% had WHO performance status of 1. All patients received definitive radiotherapy as per protocol, of which 92% received a total radiation dose of 54 Gy to 66 Gy. The median duration of exposure to IMFINZI was 10 months (range: 0.2 to 12.6).
IMFINZI was discontinued due to adverse reactions in 15% of patients. The most common adverse reactions leading to IMFINZI discontinuation were pneumonitis or radiation pneumonitis in 6% of patients. Serious adverse reactions occurred in 29% of patients receiving IMFINZI. The most frequent serious adverse reactions reported in at least 2% of patients were pneumonitis or radiation pneumonitis (7%) and pneumonia (6%). Fatal pneumonitis or radiation pneumonitis and fatal pneumonia occurred in <2% of patients and were similar across arms. The most common adverse reactions (occurring in ≥20% of patients) were cough, fatigue, pneumonitis or radiation pneumonitis, upper respiratory tract infections, dyspnea and rash.
Table 6 summarizes the adverse reactions that occurred in at least 10% of patients treated with IMFINZI. (See Table 6.)

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Other adverse reactions occurring in less than 10% of patients treated with IMFINZI were dysphonia, dysuria, night sweats, peripheral edema, and increased susceptibility to infections. Table 7 summarizes the laboratory abnormalities that occurred in at least 20% of patients treated with IMFINZI. (See Table 7.)

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Small Cell Lung Cancer: The safety of IMFINZI in combination with etoposide and either carboplatin or cisplatin in previously untreated ES-SCLC was evaluated in CASPIAN, a randomized, open-label, multicenter, active-controlled trial. A total of 265 patients received IMFINZI 1500 mg in combination with chemotherapy every 3 weeks for 4 cycles followed by IMFINZI 1500 mg every 4 weeks until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The trial excluded patients with active or prior autoimmune disease or with medical conditions that required systemic corticosteroids or immunosuppressants [see Pharmacology: Pharmacodynamics: Clinical Studies under Actions]. Among 265 patients receiving IMFINZI, 49% were exposed for 6 months or longer and 19% were exposed for 12 months or longer.
Among 266 patients receiving chemotherapy alone, 57% of the patients received 6 cycles of chemotherapy and 8% of the patients received PCI after chemotherapy.
IMFINZI was discontinued due to adverse reactions in 7% of the patients receiving IMFINZI plus chemotherapy. These include pneumonitis, hepatotoxicity, neurotoxicity, sepsis, diabetic ketoacidosis and pancytopenia (1 patient each). Serious adverse reactions occurred in 31% of patients receiving IMFINZI plus chemotherapy. The most frequent serious adverse reactions reported in at least 1% of patients were febrile neutropenia (4.5%), pneumonia (2.3%), anemia (1.9%), pancytopenia (1.5%), pneumonitis (1.1%) and COPD (1.1%). Fatal adverse reactions occurred in 4.9% of patients receiving IMFINZI plus chemotherapy. These include pancytopenia, sepsis, septic shock, pulmonary artery thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and hepatitis (1 patient each) and sudden death (2 patients). The most common adverse reactions (occurring in ≥20% of patients) were nausea, fatigue/asthenia and alopecia.
Table 8 summarizes the adverse reactions that occurred in patients treated with IMFINZI plus chemotherapy. (See Table 8.)

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Table 9 summarizes the laboratory abnormalities that occurred in at least 20% of patients treated with IMFINZI plus chemotherapy. (See Table 9.)

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Biliary Tract Cancer: The safety of IMFINZI in combination with gemcitabine and cisplatin in locally advanced or metastatic BTC was evaluated in TOPAZ-1, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial. A total of 338 patients received IMFINZI 1,500 mg in combination with gemcitabine and cisplatin every 3 weeks up to 8 cycles followed by IMFINZI 1,500 mg every 4 weeks until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients with active or prior documented autoimmune or inflammatory disorders, HIV infection or other active infections, including tuberculosis or hepatitis C were ineligible [see Pharmacology: Clinical Studies under Actions].
IMFINZI was discontinued due to adverse reactions in 6% of the patients receiving IMFINZI plus chemotherapy. The most frequently reported events resulting in discontinuation were sepsis (3 patients) and ischemic stroke (2 patients). The remaining events were dispersed across system organ classes and reported in 1 patient each. Serious adverse reactions occurred in 47% of patients receiving IMFINZI plus chemotherapy. The most frequent serious adverse reactions reported in at least 2% of patients were cholangitis (7%), pyrexia (3.8%), anemia (3.6%), sepsis (3.3%) and acute kidney injury (2.4%). Fatal adverse reactions occurred in 3.6% of patients receiving IMFINZI plus chemotherapy. These include ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke (4 patients), sepsis (2 patients), upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage (2 patients). The most common adverse reactions (occurring in ≥20% of patients) were fatigue, nausea, constipation, decreased appetite, abdominal pain, rash and pyrexia. Table 10 summarizes the adverse reactions that occurred in patients treated with IMFINZI plus chemotherapy. (See Table 10.)

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Table 11 summarizes the laboratory abnormalities in patients treated with IMFINZI plus chemotherapy. (See Table 11.)

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Durvalumab is an immunoglobulin, therefore no formal pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction studies have been conducted with durvalumab.

Incompatibilities: Durvalumab: No incompatibilities between IMFINZI and 9 g/L (0.9%) sodium chloride or 50 g/L (5%) dextrose in polyvinylchloride or polyolefin intravenous IV bags have been observed.
This drug product must not be mixed with other drug products except those mentioned in Preparation and Administration under Dosage & Administration.
Do not co-administer other drugs through the same intravenous line.

Store in a refrigerator at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F) in original carton to protect from light.
Do not freeze. Do not shake.

Cancer Immunotherapy

L01FF03 - durvalumab ; Belongs to the class of PD-1/PD-L1 (Programmed cell death protein 1/death ligand 1) inhibitors. Used in the treatment of cancer.

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