Clinical Presentation
Signs and Symptoms
Croup_Initial Assesment
Signs and symptoms of croup include barking cough, dyspnea with possible rapid progression to airway obstruction, and hoarse voice or cry. Inspiratory stridor may be severe and may herald complete airway obstruction. Fever and other viral symptoms (eg rhinorrhea, congestion) may or may not occur. Symptoms usually occur at night with abrupt onset and improve during daytime.
History
History should include details of the onset, duration, and progression of symptoms. Review the presence of risk factors. Note for any history of exposure to individuals with croup or other upper respiratory tract infections.
Physical Examination
Assess the patient’s general appearance, vital signs, and evidence of airway obstruction (eg retractions, nasal flaring, diminish breath sounds), or indicators of impending respiratory arrest (eg mental status changes, pallor, cyanosis). Perform a focused examination to avoid causing further distress to the patient.