Adult: 1-2 g daily in divided doses for 7-14 days until the patient is afebrile for 5-7 days. Child: 15 mg/kg bid for at least 10-14 days. Max: 2 g daily.
Intramuscular Bacterial endocarditis
Adult: Streptococcal endocarditis: 1 g bid for 1 wk, then 500 mg bid for the 2nd wk. Enterococcal endocarditis: 1 g bid for 2 wk then 500 mg bid for an additional 4 wk. Doses are given in combination w/ penicillin. Elderly: Streptococcal endocarditis: >60 yr 500 mg bid for the entire 2 wk period. Child: Enterococcal endocarditis: 20-30 mg/kg daily in 2 divided doses, in combination w/ penicillin.
Intramuscular Tuberculosis
Adult: 15 mg/kg as a single dose daily. Max: 1 g daily. As part of intermittent regimen: 25-30 mg/kg 2-3 times wkly. Max: 1.5 g/dose. Elderly: >40 yr Max: 500-750 mg daily. Child: 20-40 mg/kg as a single dose daily. Max: 1 g daily. As part of intermittent regimen: 25-30 mg/kg 2-3 times wkly. Max: 1.5 g/dose.
Intramuscular Plague
Adult: 2 g daily in 2 divided doses for a minimum of 10 days. Child: 30 mg/kg daily in 2-3 divided doses. Max: 2 g daily.
Adult: For concomitant use w/ other agents and as 2nd line agent: 1-2 g daily in divided doses 6-12 hrly. Max: 2 g daily. Child: 20-40 mg/kg daily in divided doses 6-12 hrly.
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Suy thận
Dosage adjustment needed.
Hướng dẫn pha thuốc
Add 4.2 mL, 3.2 mL, or 1.8 mL of sterile water for inj to prepare a soln containing approx 200 mg, 250 mg, or 400 mg, respectively, of streptomycin per mL.
Chống chỉ định
Hypersensitivity to streptomycin and other aminoglycosides.
Thận trọng
Patient w/ neuromuscular disorders (e.g. myasthenia gravis), pre-existing vertigo, or hearing loss. Renal impairment. Elderly, childn. Pregnancy and lactation.
Additive neurotoxic and nephrotoxic effect w/ neomycin, kanamycin, gentamicin, cefaloridine, paronomycin, viomycin, polymyxin B, colistin, tobramycin, and ciclosporin. Enhanced ototoxic and nephrotoxic effect w/ ethacrynic acid, mannitol, furosemide and possibly other diuretics. May enhance the resp depressant effect of neuromuscular blockers. Increased risk of nephrotoxicity w/ cephalosporins. Reduced excretion w/ NSAIDs.
Tác dụng
Description: Mechanism of Action: Streptomycin inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding directly to the 30S ribosomal subunits causing faulty peptide sequence to form in the protein chain. Pharmacokinetics: Absorption: Not absorbed from the GI tract. Rapidly absorbed (IM). Time to peak plasma concentration: 0.5-2 hr. Distribution: Rapidly distributed into most body tissues and fluids except the brain. Crosses the placenta and enters breast milk. Plasma protein binding: Approx 1/3 of the drug in circulation. Excretion: Via urine, approx 30-90% as unchanged drug. Half-life: Approx 2.5 hr.
Đặc tính
Streptomycin Source: National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Database. Streptomycin, CID=19649, https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Streptomycin (accessed on Jan. 23, 2020)
Anon. Streptomycin. Lexicomp Online. Hudson, Ohio. Wolters Kluwer Clinical Drug Information, Inc. https://online.lexi.com. Accessed 22/10/2014.Buckingham R (ed). Streptomycin. Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference [online]. London. Pharmaceutical Press. https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 22/10/2014.McEvoy GK, Snow EK, Miller J et al (eds). Streptomycin Sulfate. AHFS Drug Information (AHFS DI) [online]. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP). https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 22/10/2014.Streptomycin Sulfate Injection, Powder, Lyophilized, for Solution. DailyMed. Source: U.S. National Library of Medicine. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/. Accessed 22/10/2014.