Kanamycin

Dose adjustment may be needed.

IV infusion: Reconstitute a vial labelled as 1 g with 3 mL of NaCl 0.9% or sterile water for inj; shake the vial for 2-3 minutes to dissolve. Thereafter, further dilute the reconstituted solution in a compatible IV fluid. Recommendations for reconstitution and dilution may vary among individual products (refer to specific product guidelines).

Incompatible with certain penicillins (may accelerate the degradation of kanamycin in vitro).

Hypersensitivity to kanamycin and other aminoglycosides.

Patient with pre-existing vertigo, tinnitus, or hearing loss; neuromuscular disorders (e.g. myasthenia gravis). Renal impairment. Pregnancy and lactation.

Significant: Nephrotoxicity, electrolyte imbalance (e.g. hypocalcaemia, hypokalaemia, hypomagnesaemia), changes in hepatic function; neuromuscular blockade, respiratory paralysis, neurotoxicity (primarily bilateral ototoxicity and sometimes vestibular ototoxicity); fungal or bacterial superinfection (prolonged use), including Clostridioides difficile-associated diarrhoea and pseudomembranous colitis.
Gastrointestinal disorders: Nausea, vomiting; malabsorption syndrome (prolonged use).
General disorders and administration site conditions: Inj site reactions (e.g. pain, inflammation, bruising, haematoma).
Nervous system disorders: Headache.
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: Rash.

IM/Inhalation/Respiratory/Irrigation/IV/Parenteral/PO: D

Perform culture and susceptibility tests; consult local institutional recommendations before treatment initiation due to antibiotic resistance risks. Obtain kanamycin peak and trough concentrations, especially in patients with renal impairment. Monitor renal, hearing and vestibular function at baseline and monthly during treatment; serum electrolytes (e.g. Ca, Mg, K) periodically during treatment; LFTs.

Description:
Mechanism of Action: Kanamycin is an aminoglycoside antibacterial agent that interferes with bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit.
Pharmacokinetics:
Absorption: Time to peak plasma concentration: 1 hour (IM).
Distribution: Crosses the placenta and enters breast milk.
Excretion: Via urine (as unchanged drug). Elimination half-life: 2-3 hours.

Source: National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 6032, Kanamycin. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Kanamycin. Accessed July 26, 2024.

Intact vial: Store below 25°C.

Aminoglycosid

J01GB04 - kanamycin ; Belongs to the class of other aminoglycosides. Used in the systemic treatment of infections.

Brayfield A, Cadart C (eds). Kanamycin Acid Sulfate. Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference [online]. London. Pharmaceutical Press. https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 18/06/2024.

Kanamycin Sulfate Injection (T.P. Drug). MIMS Thailand. http://www.mims.com/thailand. Accessed 18/06/2024.

Kanamycin. UpToDate Lexidrug, Lexi-Drugs Multinational Online. Waltham, MA. UpToDate, Inc. https://online.lexi.com. Accessed 18/06/2024.